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问题 单项选择题

“把饥饿的老鼠关进笼子，老鼠在乱窜中踩踏到笼子中的杠杆得到食物。经过多次踩动杠杆得到食物的尝试之后，只要一饥饿，老鼠就会踩动杠杆。”这个试验属于（）的例子。

A.经典条件作用理论

B.操作性条件作用理论

C.社会学习理论

D.行为主义理论

答案

参考答案：B

问答题

KK is a large listed company. When a non-executive directorship of KK Limited became available, John Soria was nominated to fi ll the vacancy. John is the brother-in-law of KK’s chief executive Ken Kava. John is also the CEO of Soria Supplies Ltd, KK’s largest single supplier and is, therefore, very familiar with KK and its industry. He has sold goods to KK for over 20 years and is on friendly terms with all of the senior offi cers in the company. In fact last year, Soria Supplies appointed KK’s fi nance director, Susan Schwab, to a non-executive directorship on its board. The executive directors of KK all know and like John and so plan to ask the nominations committee to appoint him before the next AGM. KK has recently undergone a period of rapid growth and has recently entered several new overseas markets, some of which, according to the fi nance director, are riskier than the domestic market. Ken Kava, being the dominant person on the KK board, has increased the risk exposure of the company according to some investors. They say that because most of the executive directors are less experienced, they rarely question his overseas expansion strategy. This expansion has also created a growth in employee numbers and an increase in the number of executive directors, mainly to manage the increasingly complex operations of the company. It was thought by some that the company lacked experience and knowledge of international markets as it expanded and that this increased the risk of the strategy’s failure. Some shareholders believed that the aggressive strategy, led by Ken Kava, has been careless as it has exposed KK Limited to some losses on overseas direct investments made before all necessary information on the investment was obtained. As a large listed company, the governance of KK is important to its shareholders. Fin Brun is one of KK’s largest shareholders and holds a large portfolio of shares including 8% of the shares in KK. At the last AGM he complained to KK’s chief executive, Ken Kava, that he needed more information on directors’ performance. Fin said that he didn’t know how to vote on board reappointments because he had no information on how they had performed in their jobs. Mr Kava said that the board intended to include a corporate governance section in future annual reports to address this and to provide other information that shareholders had asked for. He added, however, that he would not be able to publish information on the performance of individual executive directors as this was too complicated and actually not the concern of shareholders. It was, he said, the performance of the board as a whole that was important and he (Mr Kava) would manage the performance targets of individual directors. Required:

(b) Assess the advantages of appointing experienced and effective non-executive directors to the KK board during the period in which the company was growing rapidly. (7 marks)
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单项选择题

在北方高寒积雪地区，若车道下有解雪热电器，则车辆出入检测最好不要使用（）。

A.预埋的光电检测（红外线）检测方式

B.环形感应线圈方式

C.涡流感应方式

D.距离感应方式
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