问题 综合题

材料一:

第5条 帝国立法权由联邦议会和帝国国会行使之。

第12条  联邦议会与帝国国会的召集、开会、延会、闭会之全属于皇帝。

第15条  联邦议会的 * * 职位及其事务的领导权属于由皇帝任命的帝国首相。

第16条  建议并公布帝国法律及监督其执行之权属于皇帝。

第17条  皇帝委派官吏,命令他们宣誓效忠帝国,并在必要的情况下,命令他们退职。

第63条   帝国的全部军事力量组成为统一的军队,在平时和战时受皇帝指挥。

材料二:共和国的立法权由众议院和参议院两院行使。参议院由间接选举产生,众议院通过普选方式产生。行 * * 由总统和内阁掌握,总统和内阁部长共同向议会负责。总统是国家元首和军队的最高统帅,并与参众两院议员共同创议法律之权,总统在征得参议院同意后,可解散尚未届满的众议院,总统的命令须经其任命的各内阁部长附署。

请回答:

(1)结合所学,判断上述材料分别出自什么文献?(2分)

(2) 由上述材料,判断两国宪法规定的国家的政体类型。并比较两国议会和国家元首权利的异同。(10分)

答案

 (1)材料一:1871年德意志帝国宪法;材料二:法兰西第三共和国宪法(或1785年宪法)。(2分)

(2)(10分)

①政体类型:君主立宪制和总统共和制;

②相同:两国议会都实行两院制,都行使立法权;国家元首有行 * * ,都是本国军事最高统帅。

③不同:德国议会权利较小,帝国国会甚至不能自行通过任何一项对政府不利的法案,只有参与制订法律和预算的权力,而法国议会享有真正的权力,虽受总统制约,但与总统是并立的机构;法国国家元首要向议会负责,而德意志帝国元首不需要对议会负责;法国总统任命内阁但其行 * * 又受内阁制约,而德国皇帝则拥有绝对的行 * * 。

(1)解此题要注意结合课文,容易看出材料一是1871年德意志帝国宪法,材料二是法兰西第三共和国宪法。

(2)由“立法权由联邦议会和帝国国会行使之”可以判断德国是君主立宪制,由“共和国的立法权由众议院和参议院两院行使”和“行 * * 由总统和内阁掌握”可判断法国是总统共和制。关于两国议会和国家元首权利异同的比较,既要看到他们同也要注意他们的异。相同的:两国议会都实行两院制(德国是联邦议会和帝国国会,法国是众议院和参议院),都行使立法权;国家元首都有行 * * ,都是本国军事最高统帅。关于不同点,要注意各国行 * * 、立法权、军权归属,要国家元首和议会关系。

完形填空
When I was in my first year of middle school, my father died. And my mother was ill just after I got into the high school. I had to   1  going to school because my mother had no money to pay my school bills.
We began to work in people’s gardens to save up money for me to go back to school. Finally I returned to school.my mother __3  the next year. And my world went dark. I asked my headmaster if I could work for the   4 this summer vacation, so I could pay my bills. He was a nice man and let me work in the school garden during the  5 . I can’t study well because of my mother’s death. At the end of my second year, I didn’t  6 most of my exams and the teacher told me I had to repeat the year. After _7  summer working in the school garden, I went   8  to lessons again. But suddenly I fell ill.
Because of my disease (疾病) I was  9  and couldn’t work at school. I was hopeless(无望的). My headmaster told me not to give up. And my teachers and classmates     10  me a lot. Now, I’m feeling better and will finish my third year.
My life is still not   11 . A few students laugh at my poor clothes. They also call me “farmer” because I work in the school garden. But I   12  hard days will always be followed by sunshine.
小题1:
A.stopB.start C.keep D.finish
小题2:
A.and B.but C.soD.although
小题3:
A.goB.dieC.gone D.died
小题4:
A.schoolB.zooC.park D.museum
小题5:A afternoon      B year             C. weekends      D. holidays
小题6:
A.passB.takeC.haveD.give
小题7:.A .others         B. the other       C another         D other
小题8:
A.alongB.backC.down D.up
小题9:A fine           B weak          C healthy         D strong
小题10:
A.helpedB.gaveC.worriedD.taught
小题11:
A.terrible B.hard C.easyD.difficult
小题12:
A.findB.makes C.thinksD.believe
阅读理解

Some people think that they will get ill if they use their brains(大脑)too much.  It is not true.  Through many researches, scientists show us that the more you use your brains, the better they will be, and the wiser you will become.

Of course, if you want to keep your mind clear and be energetic(充满活力的), you must take a proper rest and study properly.  To the teenagers, using their brains in the morning is good for their health.

There are many ways to rest.  One is a peaceful rest.  Sleep is a peaceful rest.  Another is an active rest.  For example, take a walk outdoors, do morning exercises every day.  To change the way of the brains’activities(活动)is also a good way to rest.

In everyday life, to eat some eggs, meat, fresh vegetable and fruit is also good for the brains.

Wish you a wise man and a happy life.

小题1:If ________________ ,your mind will be clean?

A.You go swimming in a lake

B.You are active in learning

C.You have a good rest and study properly.

D.You can sing a song小题2:Which of the following statements is false?

A.Sleep is a kind of good rest.

B.Doing morning exercises is a peaceful rest.

C.Going out for a rest is an active rest.

D.Different activities are a good rest.小题3:Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A.Illness comes from the fact that the brains are used too much.

B.Fruits are the most important for the brains.

C.The brains will be better if they are used often.

D.Sleep is the only way of having a rest.小题4:Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage?

A.How to Use your Brain

B.How to Rest

C.How to Become a Wise Man

D.Keep Your Mind Clear