问题 填空题

合成氨是人类科学技术发展史上一项重大突破,解决了地球上因粮食不足而导致的饥饿和死亡问题。氨可用于工业上制硝酸,其中的一步反应的化学方程式为:其中还原剂是_____________(填化学式),若有68g NH3参加反应,转移电子的物质的量为_________mol。

答案

(2分)NH3;20mol

题目分析:根据反应的化学方程式可知,氨气中氮元素的化合价从-3价升高到+2价,失去5个电子。氧气中氧元素的化合价从0价降低到-2价,得到2个电子,所以还原剂是氨气;68g氨气的物质的量是68g÷17g/mol=4mol,所以反应中转移电子的物质的量是4mol×5=20mol。

点评:该题是基础性试题的考查,难度不大。该题的关键是准确标出有关元素的化合价变化情况,然后结合题意具体问题、具体分析即可,学生不难得分。

单项选择题

Don’t have time to read anymore Now you can get free, quick literature via email. More than 100,000 people open their email each day to read a chapter of a book, through Chapter-A-Day, an online book club created two years ago. It’s a free email service that provides a short daily reading for busy people, exposing them to literature they may not find on their own, inspiring some to recommit to the reading habit. About 550 public library systems representing over 3,000 branch libraries already have signed up to offer Chapter-A-Day. Via email, participants get about five minutes’ worth of reading every day. After three chapters are emailed, the installments stop, and those who want to keep reading can borrow the book at their public library or purchase it online. Chapter-A-Day has eight free book clubs, and sells thousands of books each month.

Chapter-A-Day started in 1999 when Suzanne Beecher, a lifelong book lover, realized how many of the women who worked part-time for her software development company didn’t have time in their busy lives to read. She decided to type part of a chapter of a book, and send it to her employees through email. The next day she typed a little more, and continued to send literary installments each day. She says she started getting feedback from the staff about how reading made them feel. "They were interested, and realized that, though they didn’t have time in their busy lives for reading, just reading that little bit each day got them back in the habit." Realizing that many other people could benefit, she decided to take the idea even further and start an email "chapter-a-day" book club to help others ease their way back into daily reading. "Reading makes changes in people’s lives," Beecher says.

Pat Dempsey, a librarian at a public library in Ohio, has found Chapter-A-Day helps her library clients get back in the habit of reading. "It’s a different way to get people hooked on hooks," she says.

It can be inferred that through Chapter-A-Day ().

A. public libraries have become crowded with readers

B. Ms Beecher made much money for her software company

C. people begin to read very slowly and patiently

D. people cannot finish reading any book online

名词解释