问题 选择题

某天数学课上,老师讲了提取公因式分解因式,放学后,小华回到家拿出课堂笔记,认真复习老师课上讲的内容,他突然发现一道题:﹣12xy2+6x2y+3xy=﹣3xy·(4y﹣______)横线空格的地方被钢笔水弄污了,你认为横线上应填写 [ ]

A.2x

B.﹣2x

C.2x﹣1

D.﹣2x﹣l

答案

答案:C

阅读理解

Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire” is one example. Another  is  the  rise  of despots(独裁者) like Hitler. Both these examples also point out the fact that attitudes come from experiences. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was  indirect  and  cumulative(累积的). The Nazis got certain ideas largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.

  The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a key position to influence(影响) attitudes. This is true partly because children obtain attitudes from those adults who they respect.

  Another reason is that pupils are often curious about a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who has previously got little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of dealing with such a unit will greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.

  However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to change their feelings by praising or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain good experiences.

For example, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably change their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research outside reading and all-day trips.

  Finally a teacher must not constantly show her own attitudes because her influence can be no good if she has personal prejudices(偏见). This is especially true in respect to controversial(引起争议的) questions  on  which  children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis(分析) of all the facts.

小题1:. The passage mainly tells us _____.

A.attitudes affect our actions

B.teachers play an important role in developing children’s attitudes

C.attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences

D.teachers gradually affect pupils’ attitudes by their attitudes小题2:. In the first paragraph the writer gives us two examples to _____.

A.show that attitudes come from experiences

B.compare with each other

C.show all experiences are direct and impressive

D.tell experiences from attitudes小题3:.When children in school have unpleasant attitudes, teachers should _____.

A.change their feelings by scolding them

B.think highly of their good attitudes

C.help them by giving them good experiences

D.take no notice of their feelings小题4:.The passage specially states in the last paragraph that _____.

A.direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones

B.what a child learns in school has already been introduced at home

C.teachers can sometimes have a bad influence on children

D.teachers should always cover up their own attitudes

问答题

1998年7月,全球第一大零售商美国沃尔玛公司趁韩国金融危机之机,通过兼并一家韩国小型零售商开始进军韩国零售业。从1998年7月至2004年9月,沃尔玛在韩国共开设了16家卖场,一跃成为韩国第五大零售商。
沃尔玛的成功经验精髓在于“天天平价,始终如一”。沃尔玛的“天天平价”决不是空洞的口号,而是实实在在的“始终如一”的让利于顾客的行为。为此,一方面沃尔玛的业务人员“苛刻地挑选供应商,顽强地讨价还价”,以尽可能低的价位从厂家采购商品;另一方面,他们实行高度节约化经营,并处处精打细算,降低成本和各项费用支出。“天天平价”的销售理念是针对零售业最广大的消费群,即中等收入和低收入的阶层。因此,它具有普遍性,也成为连锁业的基本经营方针。连锁业只有具备规模经营,大幅度降低管理成本,坚持微利原则,才能赢得最广大的消费群,获得可持续的发展。
沃尔玛初入韩国时,恰逢韩国经济因金融危机而遭受重创。沃尔玛凭借其雄厚的资本和强大的采购优势,把低价仓储式经营模式原封不动地移植到韩国。沃尔玛的低价模式在韩国市场确实取得了一定的成效,并使该公司在2000年至2003年间赢利。
但在韩国,沃尔玛复制其成功的美国经验时,忽略了经营以外的东西,其低价策略也没有生效。另外,沃尔玛总想改变韩国消费者的消费习惯,而不是去主动适应韩国的市场,实际上他们最终发现自己并没能力改变韩国人的消费习惯。
2006年5月25日,沃尔玛公司宣布正式退出韩国市场。以低价策略著称的国际零售巨头,因水土不服退出东亚市场,其失败的启示是,低价格并不是国际化的不二法门,如果做不到本土化同样面临着失败的可能。
在进行国际化时,沃尔玛犯了一个想当然的错误,以为自己的低价策略一定会受到当地消费者的认同。低价确实是竞争的有力手段之一,但完全依靠低价是不可能做到战无不胜的,本土化的失败导致沃尔玛从韩国这样的重要市场最终出局。
1996年,沃尔玛进入中国市场。2002年它在深圳建立了全球采购中心。2007年,沃尔玛宣布购买中国好又多商业发展有限公司35%的股权,该公司正是全权运营中国大陆101家好又多超市的经营者。近年来中国不断开放的市场和日益壮大的中产阶级队伍,为沃尔玛在中国的扩张提供了绝佳的机会。沃尔玛将进一步对好又多进行整合,新任主帅曾有过与台资企业并购整合的经验,这将有助于沃尔玛完成对好又多的收购,从而使自己的销售规模上升到一个新台阶。之后,沃尔玛将扎根中国本土,融入百姓生活,以求成为中国顶级零售商。
但是,沃尔玛在中国也不可避免地面临着一系列的问题。
高度自动化的物流系统在高效的信息系统的协同作用之下产生的效应使沃尔玛最大限度地降低了产品库存和在途时间,有效地压缩了营运成本。但对于高速公路,我国的发展水平还很低,这使得沃尔玛的配送链大打折扣。而沃尔玛的配送中心也只有在深圳和天津的两家,这使得围绕在一个配送中心密集建店的做法无法在中国实施。到目前为止,沃尔玛在中国设立的50多家分店不但没有降低成本,反而增加了物流支出。
另外,沃尔玛领先高效的信息系统在中国也难显优势,由于受政策的限制,沃尔玛的卫星通信系统无法在我国发挥作用,其全球采购系统、全球物流系统的有效共享在我国市场大打折扣。
更重要的是,沃尔玛在中国吸取了其在韩国市场的失败经验,力图做到本土化,但是,由于中国员工固有的文化观念的不同,导致了沃尔玛“形似而神不似”的企业文化,可能成为沃尔玛的内伤。
要求:

分析沃尔玛的成功主要得益于何种竞争战略,并简述采用该战略的优点与风险。