问题 论述题

阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一:2005年-2009年城乡居民家庭恩格尔系数情况

指     标2005年2006年2007年2008年2009年
城镇居民家庭恩格尔系数(%)36.735.536.335.837.0
农村居民家庭恩格尔系数(%)45.543.043.143.043.0
 

材料二:现在许多高校学生(包括个别中学生)消费越来越高,连过生日都到高级酒店,有些家庭生活比较贫困的学生也怕别人瞧不起自己,也向家长要钱过“高档生日”。 一项调查表明,近40%的青少年认为自己有很多用了不久便不再用的东西。这些东西是凭一时冲动而购买的,买回来之后,却发现并非自己所需要的,因而闲置一旁,造成浪费。

(1)材料一反映了什么经济现象? (6分)

(2)根据材料二反映的现象,分析说明中学生应该怎样做一位理智的消费者?(8分)

答案

(1)材料一反映2005-2009年我国城乡居民的恩格尔系数有所下降,表明人们的生活水平提高,消费结构明显改善。同时还反映了农民的恩格尔系数高于城镇居民的恩格尔系数,表明农村居民的生活水平低于城镇居民,城乡居民的生活水平存在差距。(6分)

(2)中学生要树立科学的消费观念,要注意:量入为出,适度消费;避免盲从,理性消费;保护环境,绿色消费;勤俭节约,艰苦奋斗。(8分)

本题属于图表题。是高考中常见题型,也是高考中难度较大的题目。对于图表的分析基本思路:纵向看变化,横向看结构,综合看发展。笫(|)问考查学生的读图能力,强调学生的审题能力。运用恩格尔系数的相关知识组织答案即可。第(2)问考查怎样做一位理智的消费者。运用课本知识可从树立正确的消费观等知识点组织答案。

单项选择题
单项选择题

At the company picnic, all of the employees who participated in more than four of the scheduled events, and only those employees, were eligible for the raffle held at the end of the day. Since only a small proportion of the employees were eligibly for the raffle, most of the employees must have participated in fewer than four of the scheduled events.
Which one of the following arguments exhibits a flawed pattern of reasoning most like that exhibited by the argument above

A.Only third-and fourth-year students are allowed to keep cars on campus. Since one quarter of the third-year students keep cars on campus and one half of the fourth-year students keep cars on campus, it must be that fewer third-year students than fourth-year students keep cars on campus.

B.Only those violin students who attended extra rehearsal sessions were eligible for selection as soloists. Since two of the violin students were selected as soloists, those two must have been the only violin students who attended the extra sessions.

C.The only students honored at a special banquet were the band members who made the dean’s list last semester. Since most the band members were honored, most of the band members must have made the dean’s list.

D.All of the members of the service club who volunteered at the hospital last summer were biology majors. Since ten of the club members are biology majors, those ten members must have volunteered at the hospital last summer.

E.(E) All of the swim team members who had decreased their racing times during the season were given awards that no other members were given. Since fewer than half the team members were given such awards, the racing times of more than half the team members must have increased during the season.