病历摘要：病人邓某，男，80岁，因“突发左侧肢体乏力1小时”拟诊断为右侧额项叶脑出血入院。入院症见：不省人事，双侧瞳孔等大等圆，直径为2.5mm，右侧对光反射灵敏，左侧对光反射迟钝，左侧肢体偏瘫，痰多而稠，舌暗淡，苔白腻，脉沉滑。
气管切开术后下列哪些是吸痰的注意事项？（）
A.吸痰时动作应轻柔，每次吸痰时间小于15秒
B.严格无菌操作，治疗盘内的吸痰用物应更换1～2次/天，吸痰管每次更换
C.定时吸痰，发现喉头有痰鸣音或排痰不畅，应及时抽吸
D.痰液粘稠，抬高病人叩拍胸背再吸
E.吸痰后应给予调高氧流量1分钟
F.吸痰过程中应注意观察病人的呼吸、血氧饱和度
参考答案：A, B, C, E, F
Passage Two
| The idea of building "New Towns" to absorb growth is frequently considered a cure-all for urban problems. It is wrongly assumed that if new residents can be diverted from existing centers, the present urban situation at least will get no worse. It is further and equally wrongly assumed that since European New Towns have been financially and socially successful, we can expect the same sorts of results in the United States. Present planning, thinking, and legislation will not produce the kinds of New Town that have been successful abroad. It will multiply suburbs or encourage developments in areas where land is cheap and construction profitable rather than where New Towns are genuinely needed. Such ill-considered projects not only will fail to relieve pressures on existing cities but will, in fact, tend to weaken those cities further by drawing away high-income citizens and increasing the concentration of low-income groups that are unable to provide tax income. The remaining taxpayers, accordingly, will face increasing burdens, and industry and commerce will seek escape. Unfortunately, this mechanism is already at work in some metropolitan areas. The promoters of New Towns so far in the United States have been developers, builders, and financial institutions. The main interest of these promoters is economic gain. Furthermore, federal regulations designed to promote the New Town idea do not consider social needs as the European New Town plans do. In fact, our regulations specify virtually all the ingredients of the typical suburban community, with a bit of political rhetoric (修辞) thrown in. A workable American New Town formula should be established as firmly here as the national formula was in Britain. All possible social and governmental innovations as well as financial factors should be thoroughly considered and accommodated (容纳) in this policy. Its objectives should be clearly stated, and both incentives and penalties should be provided to ensure that the objectives are pursued. If such a policy is developed, then the New Town approach can play an important role in alleviating America’s urban problems. |
According to the writer, the advocators of New Towns in the U. S. ______.
A．mainly have profit in mind
B．attach importance to social needs
C．hope to relieve pressures on existing cities
D．intend to follow the European example