问题 解答题
对定义域分别是F、G的函数y=f(x)、y=g(x),规定:函数h(x)=
f(x)+g(x),当x∈F且x∈G 
f(x),当x∈F且x∉G 
g(x),当x∉F且x∈G

已知函数f(x)=x2,g(x)=alnx(a∈R).
(1)求函数h(x)的解析式;
(2)对于实数a,函数h(x)是否存在最小值,如果存在,求出其最小值;如果不存在,请说明理由.
答案

(1)因为函数f(x)=x2的定义域F=(-∞,+∞),函数g(x)=alnx的定义域G=(0,+∞),

所以h(x)=

x2+alnx     x>0
x2         
x≤0(4分)

(2)当x≤0时,函数h(x)=x2单调递减,

所以函数h(x)在(-∞,0]上的最小值为h(0)=0.(5分)

当x>0时,h(x)=x2+alnx.

若a=0,函数h(x)=x2在(0,+∞)上单调递增.此时,函数h(x)不存在最小值.(6分)

若a>0,因为h′(x)=2x+

a
x
=
2x2+a
x
>0,(7分)

所以函数h(x)=x2+alnx在(0,+∞)上单调递增.此时,函数h(x)不存在最小值.(8分)

若a<0,因为h′(x)=

2x2+a
x
=
2(x+
-
a
2
)(x-
-
a
2
)
x
,(9分)

所以函数h(x)=x2+alnx在(0,

-
a
2
)上单调递减,在(
-
a
2
,+∞)
上单调递增.此时,函数h(x)的最小值为h(
-
a
2
)
.(10分)

因为h(

-
a
2
)=-
a
2
+aln
-
a
2
=-
a
2
+
a
2
ln(-
a
2
)=-
a
2
[1-ln(-
a
2
)],(11分)

所以当-2e≤a<0时,h(

-
a
2
)≥0,当a<-2e时,h(
-
a
2
)<0
.(13分)

综上可知,当a>0时,函数h(x)没有最小值;

当-2e≤a≤0时,函数h(x)的最小值为h(0)=0;

当a<-2e时,函数h(x)的最小值为h(

-
a
2
)=-
a
2
[1-ln(-
a
2
)].(14分)

阅读理解

Hawaii has always been a magic name to people who like traveling. People from all over the world dream of seeing the beautiful islands in the middle of the ocean. It’s always one of their dreams to watch the sun going down. The sun drops like a ball of bright fire into the sea, and it drops so quickly that you can even see it move.

About two thousand years ago, the first people went to Hawaii in a very small boat. They found the beautiful white sand beaches and the waving palm trees. But it was difficult for people to go to Hawaii at that time. And there were no big hotels like the ones today. Now people can get to Hawaii in different ways. More and more people go to Hawaii. So lots of nice big hotels have been built in recent years. However, the scenery(自然风景) in Hawaii hasn’t changed much. The white sand beaches and the waving palm trees are still there. People often have a peaceful time, taking a walk along the water in the morning. At night, they get together to hold parties, chatting and dancing. So if you’re thinking about relaxing yourself, Hawaii is surely the first place for you to choose.

小题1:The sun in Hawaii drops too quickly for people to see it move.

小题2:In Hawaii, a large number of nice big hotels have been built in recent years.

小题3:The scenery in Hawaii is quite different from what it was many years ago.

小题4:According to the passage, it’s common for people to hold parties in Hawaii at night.

小题5:The passage mainly tells us the first people who came to Hawaii.

单项选择题