问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,完成1—6题。

  今春又路过故乡江苏宜兴县,热情的主人在匆忙中陪我去看灵谷洞。天微雨,主人感到有些遗憾。车窗外,雨洗过的茶场一片墨绿,像浓酣的水彩画。细看,密密点点的嫩绿新芽在闪亮;古树老干黑得像铁,柳丝分外娇柔,随雨飘摇;桃花,我立即记起潘天寿老师的题画诗“默看细雨湿桃花”,这个“湿”字透露了画家敏锐的审美触觉。

  湿,渲染了山林、村落,改变了大自然的色调。山区的红土和绿竹,本来并不很协调,雨后,红土成了棕红色,草绿色的竹林也偏暗绿了,它们都渗进了深暗色的成分,统一于含灰的中间色调里,或者说它们都含蕴着墨色了。衣服湿了,颜色变深,湿衣服穿在身上不舒服,但湿了的大自然景色却格外地有韵味,中国画家爱画风雨归舟,爱画“斜风细雨不须归”的诗境,因为雨,有些景物朦胧了,有些形象突出了,似乎那位宇宙大画家在挥写不同的画面,表达着不同的意境。

  我自学过水彩画和水墨画后,便特别喜欢画阴天和微雨天的景色。我不喜欢英国古老风格的水彩画。我以往的水彩画可说是水墨画的变种,从意境和情趣方面看,模仿西洋的手法少,受益于中国画的成分多。西洋画中也有表现风雨的题材,但西洋画中是将风雨作为一种事故或大自然的变态来描写的,很少将阴雨作为一种欣赏对象的审美趣味来表现。西方风景画之独立始于印象派,印象派发源于阳光,画家们投靠阳光,说光就是画面的主人,因之一味分析色彩与阳光的物理关系,甚至说“黑”与“白”都不是色彩,而中西画家大都陶醉于阳光所刺激的强烈的色彩感,追求亮、艳、丽、华、鲜……多半是从“晴”派生出来的。

  曾有画油画的人说:江南不宜画油画,大概就是因为江南阴雨多,或者他那油画技法只宜对付洋式的对象。数十年来,我感到在生活中每次表现不同对象时,永远需要寻找相适应的技法,现成的西方的和我国传统的技法都不很适用。浓而滞的油画里有时要吸收水分,娇艳的色彩往往须渗进墨韵……人们喜欢晴天,有时也喜欢阴天,如果阴与晴中体现了两种审美趣味,则鱼和熊掌是可以兼得的。又画油画又画水墨,我的这两个画种都不纯了,只是用了两种不同的工具而已。头发都灰白了,还拿不定主意该定居到油画布上呢,还是从此落户在水墨之乡了!

1.文章开头说,“天微雨,主人感到有些遗憾。”作者的心情是__________________。

2.对于“湿”,作者既有自己的独特感悟,又在传统文化中找到了渊源,试分别用一句话加以说明。

作者的独特感悟:______________________________________

传统文化的渊源:______________________________________

3.根据文意,下列判断中正确的两项是(     )

A.水彩画是水墨画的变种。

B.作者对“江南不宜画油画”的说法有不同的见解。

C.西洋画崇尚阳光,不表现风雨。

D.文章的中心,是为了说明阴雨美要胜于晴日美。

E.“默看细雨湿桃花”,写出了桃花强烈的色彩感。

F.写“湿衣服穿在身上不舒服”,其主要作用是反衬。

4.文章说鱼和熊掌是可以兼得的,意在说明_______________________________

5.作者喜欢画阴雨天的景色,并有自己的风格,这与他长期接受水墨画和_______________的文化传统熏陶是分不开的。

6.文章末尾说:“头发都灰白了,还拿不定主意该定居到油画布上呢,还是从此落户在水墨之乡了!”仔细体味这句话,从内容和形式上加以评价。(60字左右)

___________________________________________________________

答案

1.欣喜或喜欢(与“遗憾”相反即可)

2.湿了的大自然景色却格外地有韵味

中国画爱画风雨归舟,爱画“斜风细雨不须归”的诗境。

3.BF

4.阴和晴是两种不同的审美趣味,二者可以并存。

5.中国诗歌

6.内容:(1)艺术创作贵在不断创新,终生孜孜不倦地探索(2)继承传统,借鉴外国,博采众长(意思对即可)

形式:幽默、比喻、反语、拟人、说俏皮话、委婉……

填空题

  Bill Gates is one of the world’s richest men. ____小题1:______.This figure, however, depends upon the value at any time of his computer software company, Microsoft.

Gates established(建立) this company with Paul Allen in 1975 while he was still a student at Harvard University. ____小题2:_____, and that every family would need software. Software is the name given to the programs we use on a computer. The computer itself---the keyboard, monitor and processor(处理器)---are called hardware.

Gates was born on October 28, 1955 and was already writing computer programs while still at school. _____小题3:_____.Rick, which is about world domination(统治), and that he wants Microsoft to dominate (支配)the computer software industry.

In 1994 Gates married Melinda French, an employee at Microsoft. _____小题4:_____Although Melinda no longer works at Microsoft, she spends a lot of time doing charity work and is a member of the board at Duke University from where she graduated with a degree in business.

Apart from Microsoft, Gates is interested in very fast cars and in the charitable organization he has established---the William H. Gates Foundation---in memory of his grandfather. He has already given more than US $ 200 million to this charity, which distributes money to organizations interested in education and the development of new technology.

As president of Microsoft, Gates spends most of his time in meetings with the different teams working on the company’s many programs. _____小题5:_____. Anybody who wants to contact Bill Gates can do so on the Internet at ask bill @ microsoft.com.

把A-E五个选项填入文中空缺处,使短文内容完整,正确。

A.They have one child.

B.At that time he believed it would not be long before every home had a computer

C.He also sends out hundreds of e-mails a day

D.In the 8th grade, he wrote a simple mathematical program and a computer version(观点) of his favorite board game,E. It is estimated(估计) that he earns about US $ 30 million a day.

解答题