问题
选择题
厚度均匀的圆柱形金属饮料罐容积一定时,它的高与底面半径的比为( ),才能使材料最省?
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答案
设圆柱的底面半径r,高h容积为v
v=πr2h h=v πr2
S=2πr2+2πrh=2πr(r+
)v πr2
=2πr(
+r 2
+r 2
)≥2πr×3v πr2
=63
?r 2
?r 2 v πr2
?πr3 v 4π
当且仅当
=r 2
即r=v πr2
时S最小即用料最省3 2v π
此时h=
=v πr2
=v π? 3 (
)22v π 3 v 4π
∴
=h r 1 2
故选A