问题 填空题

可以通过 【10】 语句来捕获所有的异常。

答案

参考答案:catch(Exception e)

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成下面问题。

  和许多的生命现象一样,免疫系统也有两面性,它不但能排除外来因素的侵袭,又能因免疫系统的失控而导致疾病的发生。在免疫系统受损时,免疫力低下,机体易患病;但当免疫力过强时,也会导致疾病产生。

  超敏反应(1lypersen-sitivity response)指机体受同一抗原物质再次刺激后产生的一种异常免疫反应。诱发超敏反应的抗原称为过敏原(sensibiligen),如异种动物血清、各种微生物、寄生虫及其代谢产物、植物花粉和动物毛皮、青霉素、磺胺类药物以及染料、生漆和多糖等物质,此外受电离辐射、烧伤等影响,而使结构或组成发生改变的自身组织抗原,以及由于外伤或感染而释放的自身隐蔽抗原也可以成为过敏原。过敏反应是临床最常见的一种超敏反应,典型的如哮喘病,有明显的个体差异和遗传倾向。超敏反应又分很多类型,输血反应、新生儿溶血病、类风湿性关节炎等也都是超敏反应的表现。

  正常人血清中可以有针对多种自身抗原的自身抗体,但它们的效价很低,因而不足以破坏自身正常成分,但却可以协助清除衰老蜕变的自身成分,故有人称之为“生理性抗体”。在健康人中,自身抗体出现的频率随年龄增长而增高。60岁以后有50%以上的人有自身抗体,如抗核抗体、抗线粒体抗体等。但是,自身免疫反应如果达到一定强度以致能破坏正常组织结构并引起相应临床症状时,就称为自身免疫病(antoimmune disease)。如包括全身性红斑狼疮、甲状腺机能亢进、类风湿病在内的自身免疫病有数十种之多。它的发病因素受到遗传、自身免疫调节机制、年龄、性激素等影响。其中,患者又以女性患者居多。不少自身免疫病目前尚无很有效的治疗方法,其中有些还严重地威胁着病人的生命。

  免疫系统的完整性是机体免疫防御、自稳和监视功能的基本保证。但免疫系统的各个部分都可能发生缺陷,任何一个成分的缺失或功能不全都可导致免疫功能障碍,由此而引起的疾病称为免疫缺陷病(immunodeficiency disease)。由遗传因素或先天性免疫系统发育不全而引起的免疫障碍称为先天性或原发性免疫缺陷,如原发性B淋巴细胞缺陷造成的无丙种球蛋白血症,特征是血循环中缺乏B淋巴细胞及丙种球蛋白。由后天因素而引起的免疫功能障碍称为获得性或继发性免疫缺陷,最典型的即艾滋病及一些恶性肿瘤。

1.对“过敏反应”的解释,最准确的一项是(     )

A.过敏反应是指输血反应、新生儿溶血病、类风湿性关节炎等临床最常见的疾病。

B.过敏反应是由个体差异和遗传带来的一种临床最常见的超敏反应,如哮喘病。

C.过敏反应是临床最常见的机体受同一抗原物质再次刺激后所产生的一种异常免疫反应。

D.过敏反应是由异种动物血清、各种微生物、寄生虫、青霉素等过敏原诱发的超敏反应。

2.根据原文,下列明显属于免疫力过强引起的疾病的一项是(     )

A.衰老蜕变

B.类风湿病

C.无丙种球蛋白血症

D.艾滋病

3.下列对“因免疫系统的失控而导致疾病的发生”这句话理解错误的一项是(     )

A.自身免疫反应达到一定强度就可能破坏正常的组织结构,引发某种自身免疫病。

B.免疫系统的失控导致自身抗体出现的频率增高,引起相应的临床症状。

C.免疫系统各个部分任何一个成分的缺失或功能不全都可导致免疫功能障碍。

D.免疫系统发生的缺陷有可能导致艾滋病及一些恶性肿瘤的发生。

4.根据原文所提供的信息,以下推断不正确的一项是(     )

A.由于外伤或感染而释放的自身隐蔽抗原可以诱发超敏反应。

B.在健康人中,青年人自身抗体出现的频率比老年人低。

C.一般说来,患自身免疫病的男性比女性少。

D.自身免疫病目前尚无有效的治疗方法,在临床上仍属不治之症。

阅读理解

In 1943, during the Second World War the body of an English man, William Martin, was discovered off the Spanish coast. The papers he had been carrying were returned to England, where they were carefully examined. They had clearly been changed and that was exactly what the British had hoped would happen, for Martin was a trick designed to fool the Germans.

  Martin did not exist. The body was that of a sailor who looked as though he had died when his boat sank, but in fact he had been ill and died. Leaving the boat to go down, his parents allowed the dead body to be put into the sea near Spain. It was hoped that the Germans would find it and read the fake(假的)papers he carried.

  The papers said that the British would attack the island of Sardinia, when in fact they planned to attack the island of Sicily. The trick was successful. When the British landed on Sicily, most of the heavy German guns had been moved to defend(保卫) Sardinia.

小题1:______ put the papers on the dead man.

A.The British

B.German spies

C.Spanish soldiers

D.William Martin小题2:When the Germans found William Martin they probably thought he _________.

A.was a British spy with important information about the war

B.was killed by the British soldiers

C.died of an illness

D.had the fake papers of the British Army小题3:When the British found out the papers were changed they concluded _________.

A.Martin did exist

B.Martin was a German spy

C.the Germans had read the papers

D.they should attack Sardinia小题4:Which of the order is right according to this passage? __________.

a. The Germans found the dead at sea.

b. The British decided to use the dead body to fool the Germans.

c. The British planned to attack Sicily.

d. The papers on Martin were brought to London to be examined.

e. The Germans found the fake papers on the dead body.

f. The Germans decided to defend Sardinia.

g. The Germans believed the papers.

A.c.b.a.e.g.f.d.

B.c.a.b.d.g.f.e.

C.a.c.b.g.f.e.d.

D.b.c.a.g.e.f.d.