问题 阅读理解与欣赏

读选文,回答问题:

  一个人命里不 见得有太太或丈 夫,但绝对不可能没有朋友。即使是荒岛上的鲁滨逊,也不免需要一个“礼拜五”。一个人不能选择父母,但是除了鲁滨逊之外 ,每个人都可以选择自己的朋友。照说选来的东西应该符合自己的理想才对,但是事实又不尽然。你选别人,别人也选你。被选,是一种荣誉,但不一定是一件乐事。来按你门铃的人很多,岂能人人都令你“喜出望外”呢?大致说来,按铃的人可以分为下列四型:

  第一型,高级而有趣。这种朋友理想是理想,只是可遇而不可求。世界上高级的人很多,有趣的人也很多,又高级又有趣的人却少之又少。高级的人使人尊敬,有趣的人使人欢喜,又高级又有趣的人,使人敬而不畏,亲而不狎,交接愈久,芬芳愈醇。譬如新鲜的水果。不但甘美可口,而且富于营养,可谓一举两得。朋友是自己的镜子。一个人有了这种朋友,自己的境界也低不到哪里去。东坡先生杖履所至,几曾出现过低级而无趣的俗物?

  第二型,高级而无趣。这种人大概就是古人所谓的诤友,甚至畏友了。这种朋友,有的知识丰富,有的人格高超,有的呢,“品学兼优”像一个模范生,可惜美中不足,都缺乏那么一点儿幽默感,活泼不起来。你总觉得,他身上有那么一个窍没有打通,因此无法豁然、恍然,具备充分的现实感。跟他交谈,既不像打球那样,你来我往,此呼彼应,也不像滚雪球那样,把一个有趣的话题愈滚愈大。精力过人的一类,只管自己发球,不管你接不接得住。消极的一类则以逸待劳,难得接你一球两球。无论对手是积极或消极,总之该你捡球,他不捡球。这场球是别想打下去的。这种畏友的遗憾,在于趣味太窄,所以跟你的“接触面”广不起来,天下之大,他从城南到城北来找你的目的,只在讨论“死亡在法国现代小说中的特殊意义”,或是“爱斯基摩人对于性生活的态度”。为这种畏友捡一晚上的球,疲劳是可以想见的。这样的友谊有点像吃药,太苦了一点。

  第三型,低级而有趣。这种朋友极富娱乐价值,说笑话,他最黄;说故事,他最像;消息,他最灵通;关系,他最广阔;好去处,他都去过;坏主意,他都打过。世界上任何话 题他都接得下去,至于怎么接法,就不用你操心了。他的全部学问,就在不让外行人听出他没有学问。至于内行人,世界上有多少内行人呢?所以他的马脚在许多客厅和餐厅里跑来跑去,并不怎么露眼。这种人最会说话,餐桌上有了他,一定宾主尽欢,大家喝进去的美酒还不如听进去的美言那么“沁人心脾”。会议上有了他,再空洞的会议也会显得主题正确,内容充沛,没有白开。如果说,第二型的朋友拥有世界上全部的学问,独缺常识,这一型的朋友则恰恰相反,拥有世界上全部的常识,独缺学问。照说低级的人而有趣味,岂非低级趣味,你竟能与他同乐,岂非也有低级趣味之嫌?不过人性是广阔的,谁能保证自己毫无此种不良的成分呢?如果要你做鲁滨逊,你会选第三型还是第二型的朋友做“礼拜五”呢?第四型,低级而无趣。这种朋友,跟第一型的朋友一样少,或然率相当之低。这种人当然自有一套价值标准,非但不会承认自己低级而无趣,恐怕还自以为之高级又有趣呢?然则,余不欲与之同乐矣。

1.“来按你门铃的人很多,岂能人人都令你‘喜出望外’呢?”这里“来按你门铃的人”具体含义是什么?

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2.文中提到的鲁滨逊和“礼拜五”是哪部小说中的人物?作者是谁?

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3.摘录原文回答:“第二型”和“第三型”的区别是什么?

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4.交第二型的朋友,作者说“有点像吃药,太苦了点”为什么?

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5.如果 要你做鲁滨逊,你会选第三型还是第二型的朋友做“礼拜五”呢?

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6.“低级而有趣”的朋友“你竟与他同乐”原因是什么?

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答案

1.来选择你做朋友的人。 

2.《鲁滨逊飘流记》;笛福 

3.第二型的朋友拥有世界上全部的学问,独缺常识,高级而无趣;第三型的朋友则恰恰相反,拥有世界上全部常识,独缺学问,低级而有趣。 

4.对你有益处,只是缺乏情趣。 

5.第三型。因为他拥有世界上全部的常识,虽然低级但有趣味。 

6.人性是广阔的,大多数人身上都有此不良成分。 

(意思对即可) 

阅读理解

Carnival(狂欢节) does not take place only in Louisiana. There are many celebrations around the world.

In Brazil, the celebration is supposed to go on from the Saturday before Mardi Gras (大斋节前的最后一天)to Mardi Gras Day, but in some Brazilian cities the celebration can last seven or eight days. Just like New Orleans, not many important things are decided in Brazil from New Year's Day to Mardi Gras Day because everyone is preparing for or celebrating carnival. Most Brazilian parades have a subject, which could be political or historical. The parades had to have a subject related to Brazil until 1996. Some cities in Brazil do not have a street carnival, but they might have an indoor party.

Bolivia has carnival parades for children and then more parades for adults. The children dress up in costumes and march in the streets. The adults make traditional dance groups and dance in the streets. But the main part of Bolivia's carnival is getting wet. Almost everyone gets wet from water balloons and water buckets. In Oruru, Bolivia, their carnival is held in the last ten days of the carnival season. People there join in dancing, but their main carnival event is a ceremonial parade that lasts for twenty hours and parades for four kilometers. Over 20,000 dancers are involved as well as 10,000 musicians. This parade attracts at least 400,000 people.

The carnival in Venice, Italy is often regarded as the most carefully prepared carnival and lasts ten days before Lent (大斋节). Many events are held in the canals including shows, concerts, dances and water processions(队列). The official ending to the celebration is the party held in St. Mark's Square.

小题1:What's the best title for the passage?

A.Ways of Carnival

B.Carnival Parades

C.Carnivals around the World

D.History of Carnival小题2:From the passage we learn that in Brazil ____.

A.not all cities have a street carnival

B.all Brazilian cities celebrate carnival for a week

C.the parades should have a subject related to Brazil politics

D.people prepare for or celebrate carnival after Mardi Gras Day小题3:The most important feature (特征)of the celebration of carnival in Bolivia is that ____.

A.people join in dancing

B.nearly all people are wet

C.children wearing costumes march in the streets

D.adult dance groups dance in the streets小题4:Which of the following shows that the author pays special attention to the carnival in Bolivia?

A.The time of celebrating carnival in Bolivia is mentioned.

B.There are details and numbers about carnival celebrations in Bolivia.

C.People in the carnival celebration in Bolivia are mentioned.

D.Events or performances for carnival celebrations in Bolivia are told.小题5:Which of the following areas or countries prepares the most carefully for their carnival?

A.Louisiana.

B.Bolivia.

C.Venice.

D.Brazil.

判断题 案例分析题