问题 多项选择题

按建标[2003]206号文件规定,措施费包括( )

A.脚手架费

B.材料检验试验费

C.二次搬运费

D.混凝土、钢筋混凝土模板及支架费

E.夜间施工增加费

答案

参考答案:A,C,D,E

解析: 措施费是指为完成工程项目施工,发生于该工程施工前和施工过程中非工程实体项目的费用,一般包括下列项目:环境保护费,文明施工费,安全施工费,临时设施费,夜间施工增加费,二次搬运费,大型机械设备进出场及安拆费,混凝土、钢筋混凝土模板及支架费,脚手架费,已完工程及设备保护费,施工排水、降水费。B选项属于直接工程费中的材料费。

单项选择题
单项选择题

The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label: "store in the refrigerator. "

In my fridgeless fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthy. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher, the baker, and the ice cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.

The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well tried techniques already existed—natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling…

What refrigeration did promote was marketing—marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.

Consequently, most of the world’s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially cooled space inside an artificially heated house—while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.

The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers, but at least you’ll get rid of that terrible hum.

Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author().

A.Inventors

B.Consumers

C.Manufacturers

D.Traveling salesmen