问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

关于系统性红斑狼疮激素治疗的说法正确的是()。

A.激素治疗的同时应该给予补钙治疗

B.激素治疗控制病情后可逐渐减量直至停药

C.为避免骨质疏松,可以让患者经常晒太阳

D.激素减量应该先慢后快

E.激素治疗可能诱发或加重感染,治疗时应预防性应用抗菌药物

答案

参考答案:A

解析:系统性红斑狼疮激素治疗的原则是控制病情后逐渐减量、小量维持、终生用药。狼疮的患者应该避免阳光暴晒,因为紫外线可诱发狼疮病情活动。激素减量的原则是先快减后慢减,开始1mg(kg·d)时可每周减1/10,用量越小时减量应越慢。激素治疗可能诱发或加重感染,但是不能预防性应用抗菌药物,过度使用抗菌药物会导致真菌感染及其他条件致病菌感染。

阅读理解

.

Nuclear power's danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be described in one word; radiation(辐射).

Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly because it cannot be detected (探测) by human senses. It can't be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can't detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can't sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.

At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being completely by killing masses of cells in important organs (器官). But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be significant. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed completely. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They reproduce themselves in an unusual way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.

This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the knowledge of the person at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated(放射治疗) and feel fine, then die of cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak or easy to get serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.

Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.

68. According to the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in __________.

A. nuclear mystery              B. radiation detection

C. radiation level                 D. nuclear radiation

69. Radiation can lead to serious results even at the lowest level ________.

A. when it kills few cells             B. if it damages few cells

C. though the damaged cells can repair themselves

D. unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves

70. Radiation can hurt us in the way that it can _____.

A. kill large numbers of cells in main organs so as to cause death immediately

B. damage cells which may grow into cancer years later

C. affect the healthy growth of our younger generation

D. lead to all of the above results

71. Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage?

A. The importance of protection from radiation can be overemphasized (过分强调).

B. The mystery about radiation remains unsolved.

C. Cancer is mainly caused by radiation.

D. Radiation can hurt those who do not know about its danger.

填空题