1980年婚姻法与1950年婚姻法相比较，主要发展体现在哪里？
参考答案：
（1）基本原则的补充；补充了计划生育原则和保护老人合法权益原则。
（2）修改了结婚条件；主要在法定婚龄和禁婚血亲范围上做了修改。将原婚姻法规定的男20岁、女18岁的法定婚龄提高到男22、女20；将兄弟姐妹以外的其他五代旁系血亲是否通婚从习惯的规定改为禁止三代以内旁系血亲相互结婚。
（3）扩大了对家庭关系的调整；原婚姻法只规定了夫妻间、父母子女间的权利义务。1980年婚姻法进一步将祖父母、外祖父母、孙子女、外孙子女、兄弟姐妹纳入调整范围。
（4）离婚条款的修改和增补；在程序上，1980年婚姻法规定男女一方要求离婚，可由有关部门进行调解或者直接向人民法院提出离婚诉讼。在判决离婚的理由上，明确规定“如双方感情确已破裂，调解无效，应准予离婚”。
（5）增加了制裁办法和强制执行条款。
认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。 It is very important to make a student feel safe in the classroom, because students study well in the environment where they feel safe and respected. All students including those with learning difficulties can study well if they feel mentally and emotionally comfortable in the classroom. In addition, when feeling safe in an atmosphere, they can openly express their concerns. Therefore, teachers are required to devote time to making students feel comfortable in class and must view it as an investment in strengthening the teacher-student relationship. What makes a student feel safe in the classroom depends upon the quality of the relationship he shares with his teachers. With this aim, it’s quite necessary to build trust in the classroom. Trust building is a slow process which can be achieved through healthy interaction (互动) between students and teachers. Also developing respect for each other is necessary. When teachers truly listen to students and respect in the classroom is mutual between teacher and student, a productive classroom can be formed. Teachers feel good about the lessons they teach and students are engaged in learning. Teachers must try to build small but real life connections with the students and when one is able to do that, it creates a more relaxed atmosphere that supports studies. Gradually, students will feel a greater level of trust in teachers. A positive environment is also very important for students to feel safe in the classroom. To create such an environment, teachers must display positive messages and quotes in the classroom and even ask students to contribute them. Make it a rule that only positive things will be talked about in the classroom. Prevent students from talking about other students’ private lives in an unkind way and stop them from bullying (欺凌) each other. Also, the most important is that teachers must try to make all students feel like they are an important part of the class.
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