问题 单项选择题

患者,男,18岁,2个月前因急性脓胸经多次胸腔穿刺抽脓及抗菌治疗后,仍有低热、消瘦,胸部X线片示右胸仍可见有包裹性脓腔,入院后行胸腔闭式引流术,每日引流脓液30~50ml,胸片及胸部CT显示右下胸部有10cm×6cm残腔,壁厚约2mm,未见转化,肺内未见病变,进一步治疗应选择()。

A.继续改进胸腔引流

B.将闭式引流改为开放引流

C.胸膜纤维板剥除术

D.胸膜肺切除术

E.改进全身情况,纠正中毒症状和营养不良

答案

参考答案:C

解析:患者有急性脓胸病史2个月,迁延不愈,胸片及胸部CT显示右下胸部有10cm×6cm腔,壁厚约2mm,未见钙化,考虑胸膜已有纤维性增厚,诊断为慢性脓胸。改进引流手术用于初期或大手术前的准备措施。改进全身情况,消除中毒症状和营养不良,只作为支持措施。患者胸膜与肺组织粘连不太紧密,肺组织尚未纤维化,肺内未见病变,宜行胸膜纤维板剥除术,最大限度恢复肺功能,而不宜行胸膜肺切除术。故选C。

阅读理解

根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

                                                   Are Societies Ageing Too Fast?

     An ageing society is one in which the population of people over the age of 60 is increasing. The global

population at present is about 6 billion with l person in every 10 aged 60 or above. 1._____ This will mean

that for the first time in human history the population of older persons will be larger than the population of

children! What are the causes of this population change?

     2._____ And another is that birth rates have dropped as people, especially women, are educated. Measures

to slow population growth like China's one-child policy, have also contributed to lowered birth rates. The

increase in the aged population is not just an interesting trend, however; it also has severe implications for the

future of global economies.

     People traditionally retire at 65 and live on government pensions. 3._____ Another concern is that as medical

expenses increase with age, the demands of the growing aged population will eventually cause medical systems

to face bankruptcy (破产).

     4._____ They suggest that because people are living longer, they ought to work longer, while governments

need to establish a sound social security system. They also suggest that individuals start saving as soon as

possible to ensure a financially secure retirement. People should also develop good health habits in their youth

to ensure an active and productive old age. 5._____ By finding cures for diseases like Alzheimer's and cancer,

medical bills and the need for care would be drastically reduced.

     Finally, an important step to ensure a bright future for all is to do away with negative stereotypes that see

valuable members of society only as pensioners or patients. It's high time we stopped seeing ageing as a disease

and started playing our parts in securing the future of our ageing societies.

A. Due to ageing problem, cities are facing more challenges.

B. Experts insist that steps should be taken now to prepare for the future.

C. As people grow older, a huge financial burden will be placed on the government.

D. Biomedical research is another tool we can use to deal with the problems of ageing societies.

E. One reason is that dramatic health advances have added 20 years to the average life expectancy.

F. The United Nations projects that by 2050, it will be l in every 5.

G. As is known to all, good habits lead to good health.

填空题 案例分析题