问题 问答题 案例分析题

某建设项目的一期工程基坑土方开挖任务委托给某机械化施工公司。该场地自然地坪标高-0.60m,基坑底标高-3.10m,无地下水,基坑底面尺寸为20×40(m2)。经甲方代表认可的施工方案为:基坑边坡1:m=1:0.67(Ⅲ类土),挖出土方量在现场附近堆放。挖土采用挖斗容量为0.75m3的反铲挖土机,75kW液压推土机配合推土(平均推运距离30m)。为防止超挖和扰动地基土,按开挖总土方量的20%作为人工清底、修边坡土方量。施工单位提交的预算书中的土方开挖工程量为2530m3,预算单价为5850.00元/1000m3,即该项土方开挖直接费为2.53×5750.00=14800.50元。

问题

(1)请审核预算书中的土方开挖工程量是否准确?

(2)甲方代表认为预算书中采用的预算单方价与实际情况不符。经协商决定通过现场实测的工日、机械台班消耗数据和当地综合人工日工资标准(19.50元)及机械台班预算单价(反铲挖土机每台班789.20元,推土机每台班473.40元)确定每1000m3土方开挖的预算单价。实测数据如下:

①反铲挖土机纯工作1h的生产率为56m3,机械时间利用系数为0.80,机械幅度差系数为25%;

②推土机纯工作1h的生产率为92m3,机械时间利用系数为0.85,机械幅度差系数为20%;

③人工连续作业挖1m3土方需基本工作时间为90min,辅助工作时间、准备与结束工作时间、不可避免中断时间、休息时间分别占工作延续时间的2%、2%、1.5%、20.5%,人工幅度差系数为10%;

④在挖土机推土机作业时,需人工配合工日按平均每台班1个工日计。试计算该工程的预算单价。

(3)该基坑土方开挖预算直接费为多少?

答案

参考答案:

问题(1)

不准确。(5分)

V=(a+kh)(b+kh)/h+1/3k2h3

=(20+0.67×2.5)(40+0.67×2.5)×2.5+1/3×0.672×0.253=2260.60m3

问题(2)(12分,每小题3分)

①每1000m3土方挖土机预算台班的消耗指标:

1/(56×8×0.8)×1.25×1000×80%=2.79台班

②每l000n13土方推土机预算台班的消耗指标:

1/(92×8×0.85)×1.20×1000=1.92台班

③每1000m3土方挖土人工预算工日的消耗指标:

90×100/[100-(2+2+1.5+20.5)]=121.6min

12t.6+60÷8×1.1×l000×20%+(2.79+1.92)=60.44工日

④每1000m3土方预算单价:

60.44×19.50+2.79×789.20+1.92×473.40=4289元/1000m3

问题(3)

该基坑土方开挖直接费为:(3分)

2.260x4289.4=9694.04元

阅读理解

Many English learners have difficulty deciding what kind of English accent they want to have. A US accent, perhaps modeled on the way a Hollywood star speaks? Or maybe you want to imitate(模仿) the British accent of a BBC news reader?

Young British people find the US accent attractive while young US people like a British accent. Especially when the person speaking is of the opposite sex(异性)! Let’s listen to what they have to say.

Stephen Yang, 17, from London, UK

A US accent is cute, especially when a girl speaks it. Whether it’s Jessia Alba speaking or the girl- next-door, the way US girls speak has a sweet tingle that is really sassy(时髦). A girl from Texas recently moved into our neighborhood. Her Texan twang(鼻音) had all the boys here on their knees within seconds of meeting her

To me, accents reflect the attitudes, characteristics and lifestyles of the people.

Jennifer Sun, 16, from New Jersey, US

From watching English actors like Daniel Radcliffe, my friends and I have developed a soft spot for British men.Some are attracted to the qualities of English males, while others admire their sense of style.

Everyone, however, agrees that the most appealing aspect of an English man is his accent. For example, many American girls watch Harry Potter movies over and over again just to listen to the actors speak.

The English accent seems almost like art.

小题1:In Stephen Yang’s opinion, accents just show__________.

A.the beauty of the language

B.how the language is spoken

C.the cultural differences of the speakers

D.the meeting of the day小题2:The underlined sentence in paragraph means that __________.

A.All the boys broke their knees

B.All the boys fell to the ground

C.All the boys liked her accent very much

D.All the boys imitated(模仿)her accent小题3:Many American girls watch Harry Porter again and again in order to __________.

A.learn the acting skills of the these stars

B.learn the magic performed by Harry Potter

C.imitate the actors’ accents

D.know more about British English小题4:What is probably the best title for this passage?

A.British English and American English

B.British Accent or American Accent

C.American English Accent is Most Accepted

D.The difference between British Accent and American Accent.

单项选择题