An 18-month-old child is brought to the emergency department with suspected croup. The child appears frightened and cries as the nurse approaches him. The nurse needs to assess the child’s breath sounds. The best way to approach the child is to（）
A. expose the child’s chest quickly and auscultate breath sounds as quickly and efficiently as possible.
B. ask the mother to wait briefly outside until the assessment is over.
C. tell the child the nurse is going to listen to his chest with the stethoscope.
D. allow the child to handle the stethoscope before listening to his lungs.
参考答案：D
解析：
Toddlers are naturally curious about their environment and letting them handle minor equipment is distracting and helps them gain trust in the nurse. The nurse should only expose one area at a time during assessment, and should approach the child slowly and unhurriedly. The caregiver should be encouraged to hold and console her child. Also, comfort the child with objects with which he’s familiar. The child should be given limited choices to allow autonomy, such as "Do you want me to listen first to the front of your chest or your back\