问题 单项选择题 B1型题

激素类化疗药()

A.放线菌素

B.甲氨蝶呤

C.VCR

D.环磷酰胺

E.三苯氧胺

答案

参考答案:E

解析:化疗药物按其作用机制分为六类:①细胞毒类药物:烷化剂类,作用于DNA和RNA、酶、蛋白质,导致细胞死亡。如氮芥、卡莫司汀(卡氮芥)、环磷酰胺、白消安(马利兰)、洛莫司汀(环己亚硝脲)等;②抗代谢类药:此类药物对核酸代谢物与酶结合反应有相互竞争作用,影响与阻断了核酸的合成。如氟尿嘧啶、甲氨蝶呤、阿糖胞苷、巯基嘌呤、替加氟(呋喃氟尿嘧啶)等;③抗生素类:有抗肿瘤作用的如放线菌素D(更生霉素)、丝裂霉素、博来霉素、阿毒素、平阳霉素、柔红霉素、光辉霉素等;④生物碱类:主要为干扰细胞内纺锤体的形成,使细胞停留在有丝分裂中期。如长春新碱、长春碱、羟基树碱及鬼臼毒素类依托泊苷(VP-16)、替尼泊苷(VM-26);⑤激素类,常用的有他莫昔芬(三苯氧胺)、己烯雌酚、黄体酮、丙酸睾丸酮、甲状腺素、泼尼松及地塞米松等;⑥其他:不属于以上诸类如甲基苄肼,羟基脲、L-门冬酰胺酶、顺铂、卡铂、抗癌锑、三嗪咪唑胺等。

完形填空
完形填空。
     Several days ago my family and I went sledding(雪橇)and as I watched my children climbing up the
slope (斜坡), I started thinking.
     Many people believe that most of today's social  1   are because of the "me" generation; teenagers just
care about themselves and pay no  2   to others. Some even think today's teenagers won't do anything   3  
there is something in it for them.
     Yet, while watching, I saw a    4   side of teenagers. I watched my two oldest children take my youngest by the hand to help her  5   up the slope. They would have been  6   without her,  7   not once did they try
to set off without her. And when the sled    8   my two daughters was aimed  9   the embankment (路堤), it was my five-year-old son who ran to them to stop them from falling and   10   themselves.
     Don't get me wrong; these children sometimes  11   among themselves to get the things they want. But I
can take them to the shop and know that they won't   12   anything, I can talk to them about the   13   and
know that they will offer to send some of their own money to  14   the people in the disaster area, and I
can ask them to  15   with those children left alone and know that they will do their best to befriend them.
     Perhaps it's not the "me" generation that   16   many of society's problems - not the teenagers who
want  17   ,but the adults in their lives who have taught them to  18   think only of themselves and to want
everything. Most young children want to help. We can  19   that feeling to continue into adulthood by
teaching the lesson my children learned while sledding: Life is a slippery slope, but we can all make it to the
  20  if we remember to help others.
( )1. A. problems    
( )2. A. money      
( )3. A. until      
( )4. A. different  
( )5. A. sign        
( )6. A. happier    
( )7. A. but        
( )8. A. knocking    
( )9. A. across      
( )10. A. supporting
( )11. A. share      
( )12. A. care about
( )13. A. dream      
( )14. A. help      
( )15. A. quarrel    
( )16. A. cause      
( )17. A. nothing    
( )18. A. politely  
( )19. A. force      
( )20. A. origin    
B. troubles  
B. worry    
B. unless    
B. same      
B. hold      
B. faster    
B. so        
B. making    
B. beyond    
B. running  
B. shout    
B. ask for  
B. weather  
B. favor    
B. struggle  
B. provide  
B. something
B. selfishly
B. request  
B. top      
C. matters    
C. care        
C. although    
C. strange    
C. climb      
C. slower      
C. and        
C. dropping    
C. towards    
C. crying      
C. fight      
C. look for    
C. reason      
C. treat      
C. play        
C. act        
C. everything  
C. generously  
C. remember    
C. realism    
D. difficulties  
D. attention      
D. when          
D. similar        
D. clean          
D. higher        
D. for            
D. carrying      
D. around        
D. hurting        
D. talk          
D. think about    
D. earthquake    
D. relax          
D. deal          
D. shake          
D. anything      
D. usefully      
D. encourage      
D. start          
单项选择题