问题 选择题

同学们已会使用普通光学显微镜了,你知道起放大作用的结构是

A.目镜和物镜

B.反光镜和目镜

C.反光镜和物镜

D.遮光器和反光镜

答案

答案:A

题目分析:目镜:装在镜筒的上端,通常备有2-3个,上面刻有5×、10×或15×符号以表示其放大倍数,一般装的是10×的目镜.物镜:装在镜筒下端的旋转器上,一般有3-4个物镜,其中最短的刻有“10×”符号的为低倍镜,较长的刻有“40×”符号的为高倍镜,最长的刻有“100×”符号的为油镜,此外,在高倍镜和油镜上还常加有一圈不同颜色的线,以示区别.显微镜的放大倍数是物镜的放大倍数与目镜的放大倍数的乘积,如物镜为10×,目镜为10×,其放大倍数就为10×10=100(倍).反光镜:装在镜座上面,可向任意方向转动,它有平、凹两面,其作用是将光源光线反射到聚光器上,再经通光孔照明标本,凹面镜聚光作用强,适于光线较弱的时候使用,平面镜只能反射光线不能改变光线强弱,适于光线较强时使用.

遮光器:遮光器是载物台下面的圆板.遮光器上有直径不同的圆孔,叫光圈.转动遮光器,每个光圈都可以对准通光孔,不同光圈具有不同的进光量.大的通光量多,视野明亮,小的通光量少,视野较暗.因此起放大作用的结构是目镜和物镜.

阅读理解

B

How do apology languages work? Have you ever tried to apologize, only to be refused? It may be that you were offering a partial apology in a “language”, that was foreign to your listener. The five languages of apology include:

Apology Language 1: “I am sorry.”

List the hurtful effects of your action. Not “I am sorry if …”, but “I am sorry that…”. You might ask if they want to add any points that you have not recognized.

Apology Language 2:“I was wrong.”

Name your mistake and accept fault. Note that it is easier to say “You are right” than “ I am wrong”, but the latter carries more weight.

Apology Language 3: “What can I do to make it right?”

How are you now? How shall I make amends(弥补) to you? How can I restore your confidence that I love you— even though I was so hurtful to you?

Apology Language 4: “I’ll try not to do that again.”

Engage in problem-solving. Don’t make excuses for yourself such as, “Well, my day was just so…” Instead, offer what you will change to prevent yourself from putting them in the same bad situation again.

Apology Language 5: “Will you please forgive me?”

Be patient in seeking forgiveness. They may need some time or greater clarification(澄清) of your input from Apology Languages 1-4.

Finally, your apology may not be accepted, but at least you know that you have been faithful in offering a sincere olive branch(橄榄枝) of peace.

小题1:The passage mainly talks about___________

A.5 tips for apologies that work

B.5 ways of refusing apologies

C.the function of apology languages

D.the importance of apology languages小题2:According to Paragraph 1, your apology may be refused mainly because________

A.your listeners can’t understand your dialect.

B.your listeners can’t hear what you said clearly.

C.your apology is not sincere.

D.your apology is not expressed well enough.小题3:When offering an apology, which of the following does the author prefer?

A.“You are right”

B.“I am sorry if …”

C.“I was wrong.”

D.“Well, my day was just so…”小题4:In the last paragraph, the author tells us even if your apology may not be accepted, at least ___________.

A.It’s your fault any more

B.your mind will be at peace

C.your friend will make peace with you.

D.your apology is true to your heart