问题 材料题

阅读下列材料:

材料一 1762年,约翰·威尔克斯开始发行《苏格兰人》报,其中第45期刊出一篇文章,激烈谴责政府的对外政策,并对乔治三世本人进行攻……这使乔治三世大为光火,就授意政府将其逮捕。威尔克斯本是议员,享有特权不受逮捕,但乔治三世指使下院通过决议,剥夺他的议员资格。……各阶层人们开始支持威尔克斯,“威尔克斯与自由”成了当时流行的口号。——钱乘旦、陈晓律《英国文化模式溯源》

材料二 1781年英军在约克敦的投降造成巨大的冲击波,国内舆论纷纷指责政府,指责乔治的个人干预造成了北美的巨大失策。……1782年,诺思(首相)顶不住美国革命胜利的冲击波而宣布辞职,乔治三世的个人统治实际上寿终正寝。……一个企图恢复个 * * 力的国王在议会已取得主导地位的时代想抗拒历史发展的潮流,终于造成国家的伤害、个人的悲剧。——钱乘旦、许洁明《英国通史》

材料三 正是美国的爱国者感染了英国的激进分子提出了更为民主的选举权口号,激励他们为提高英国普通被统治者的政治影响而奋斗。他们还为英国的改革分子展示了组织政治运动的方式以及如何在不引起太多内乱的前提下达到改革的目标。——[英]Н.Т.迪金森《美国革命对英国的影响》

请回答:

(1)据材料一、二,指出英国政坛出现危机的具体原因及其政治根源。

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(2)据材料三,英国激进分子所面临的政治使命是什么?由此,19世纪30年代前期兴起的政治运动是什么?这一运动有何积极影响?

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答案

(1)具体原因:乔治三世指使下院剥夺威尔克斯议员资格;北美独立战争中英国的惨败;国王个人干预造成英国在处理北美问题上的重大失策。根源:乔治三世试图突破《权利法案》对国王权力的限制。

(2)使命:扩大选举权;进行议会改革。运动:1832年议会改革。影响:扩大了工商业资产阶级的政治权利;推动了代议制的发展;保证了英国资本主义的迅速发展。

完形填空

“My name’s Jim Shelley and I’m an addict(有瘾的人). . . ”

With these words I began to ___36___ the problem, the problem of my telephone addiction. I used to call people ___37___, from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. I ___38___ to be phoned, I wanted to phone. Just one more call.

It started socially . It seemed ___39___, just a quick chat. Gradually though, the ___40___ got worse. Soon it was ___41___ use, until, finally, addiction.

And it began to affect(影响) my ___42___. During the day I would disappear for ___43___ call. If I couldn’t make a call, I spent the whole time waiting for the phone to ring. Getting more and more ___44___, in the end, I would ring someone, then someone else, ___45___ myself just one more call.

I was phoning people and ___46___ messages to make sure ___47___ calls would see me through the day. I used to arrive at friends

homes and before the door was closed, go straight for the phone with the ___48___ “Is it OK if I just use the phone. . . ?” At work, I became ___49___ when my fellow workers tried to ___50___ me from using the phone. And one day I hit my boss(with the phone). Finally, the police caught me ___51___ a phone box that had taken my last one pound coin, and I was ___52___ to see a psychiatrist(心理医生).

I haven’t ___53___ a phone in the house for three weeks now, and it’s several days ___54___ I used a phone box. I try not to watch TV because there are ___55___ people on it making phone calls. My name is Jim Shelley and I am an addict.

36. A. face      B. find    C. accept D. notice

37. A. now and then      B. all the time C. at home      D. at work

38. A. tried     B. asked  C. waited D. invited

39. A. polite   B. important   C. fine    D. special

40. A. condition     B. situation     C. result  D. effect

41. A. frequent       B. regular       C. unusual      D. particular

42. A. friends  B. study  C. family D. work

43. A. a quick B. a secret      C. an expected       D. an extra

44. A. hopeful B. delighted    C. frightened  D. anxious

45. A. forcing B. telling C. giving D. limiting

46. A. leaving B. taking C. passing       D. recording

47. A. long     B. immediate  C. enough       D. surprising

48. A. saying  B. demands     C. wish   D. words

49. A. careful  B. mad    C. determined D. helpless

50. A. save     B. reduce C. protect       D. stop

51. A. destroying    B. using  C. stealing      D. emptying

52. A. offered B. guided       C. ordered      D. reminded

53. A. missed  B. had     C. received     D. fixed

54. A. as  B. when  C. if D. since

55. A. always  B. just     C. more   D. different

多项选择题