问题 填空题

A、B、X、Y、Z、W六种短周期主族元素,A是地壳中含量最多的金属元素,短周期主族元素中B的原子半径最大,X、Y、Z、W元素在周期表中的相对位置如下图所示,其中Z元素原子最外层电子数是电子层数的2倍。请回答下列

问题:

(1)W的最高价氧化物化学式是           ;Z的原子结构示意图为      

(2)A、B各自最高价氧化物对应的水化物反应的化学方程式为  

(3)AW3可用于净水,其原理是         。(请用离子方程式表示)

(4)工业合成X的简单气态氢化物是放热反应。下列措施中既能提高

反应速率,又能提高原料转化率的是                          。

a.升高温度

b.加入催化剂

c.将X的简单气态氢化物及时移离

d.增大反应体系的压强

(5)标准状况下,2.24L X的简单气态氢化物被200 mL l mol L-1X的最高价氧化物对应的水化物溶液吸收后,所得溶液中离子浓度从大到小的顺序是(用离子符号表示)                         

(6)WY2在杀菌消毒的同时,可将剧毒氰化物氧化成无毒气体而除去,写出用WY2(沸点9.9℃)氧化除去CN的离子方程式         

答案

(1)Cl2O7    

(2)Al(OH)3+NaOH=NaAlO2+2H2O

(3)Al3++3 H2O  Al(OH)3+3H+

(4)d

(5)NO3-、H+、NH4+、OH-

(6)2ClO2+2CN-=N2+2Cl-+2CO2

A是地壳中含量最多的金属元素,则A是Al;短周期中B的原子半径最大,B是Na;Z是最外层电子数是电子层的3倍,Z则是S,X、Y、W依次是N、O、Cl。

(1)W的最高价氧化物是Cl2O7;Z原子结构示意图为

(2)反应方程式为Al(OH)3+NaOH=NaAlO2+2H2O

(3)AlCl3净水原理是,Al3+发生水解,Al3++3 H2O  Al(OH)3+3H+

(4)提高转化率又能提高反应速率,选d。

(5)0.1mol NH3被0.2mol HNO3的溶液吸收后,是0.1molNH4NO3和0.1molHNO3组成的,由于NH4+能发生水解,离子浓度由大到小顺序为NO3-、H+、NH4+、OH-

(6)2ClO2+2CN-=N2+2Cl-+2CO2

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     With a good shopping position and the right amount (数量) of money, any educated person ought to

be able to make a living out of a bookshop. It is not a difficult trade to learn and the large chain-stores

can never force the small bookseller out of existence as they have done to the corner shop. But the hours

of work are very long-I was only doing a part-time job, but my boss put in a seventy-hour week,besides

regular journeys out of shopping hours to buy books.

     The real reason why I should not like to be back in the book trade for life, however, is that while I was

in it I lost my love of books. A bookseller cannot always tell the truth about his books, and that gives him

a dislike for them. There was a time when I really did love books-loved the sight and smell and feel of

them-if they were fifty or more years old, that is. Nothing pleased me quite so much as to buy a bargain lot

of them on sale for several pounds. There is a peculiar flavour (独特的味道) about the unexpected books

you pick up in that kind of collection: little-known eighteenth-century poets, or out-of-date geography

books. For occasional (偶尔的) reading-in your bath, for example, or late at night when you are too tired

to go to bed-there is nothing as good as a very old picture story-book.

     But as soon as I went to work in the bookshop I stopped buying books. Seen in a mass. five or ten

thousand at a time, books were dull and even a little tiresome. Nowadays I do buy one occasionally, but

only if it is a book that I want to read and can't borrow, and I never buy rubbish.

1. According to the passage, _____ is one of the necessary conditions to run a bookshop.

A. an educated shop-owner

B. a good position at a street corner

C. a regular journey out of the shop

D. the force of large chain-stores

2. The author should not like to be back as a bookseller for life because _____.

A. he hated his job of selling books

B. selling books was only a part-time job

C. the books in the shop gave him a dislike

D. he was unable to be honest about the books he sold

3. The books preferred by the author should be those _____.

A. stories making readers sleepless

B. valuable ones bought on sale

C. peculiar ones with great expectation

D. geography ones from the eighteenth century

4. The author will only buy new books _____.

A. if he feels dull and tired

B. after he gives up his job as a bookseller

C. which are interesting but hard to borrow

D. when he throws away old ones

单项选择题