问题 材料题

阅读下列材料

材料一   英国通过“光荣革命”克服了专制王权,议会成为最高权威。在君主立宪制的政治框架内,英国又用和平、渐进方式实现政治权力的转移,从而完成了政治民主化历程。

材料二   法国之所以采用暴力革命来克服专制王权,原因就在于法国专制主义过于强大,王权与贵族坚决捍卫旧制度,不愿做出任何妥协,对立双方只好兵戎相见。然而,大革命并没有解决根本问题,此后近百年中,法国一直处于革命与复辟的轮回中,社会持续动荡,经济发展速度受到影响,工业化进程缓慢。直到1870 年后,法国模式突然发生转折,由对抗转为妥协。此后没再发生大规模的革命,法国人开始用协商手段逐步建立起民主制度。

材料三   长期的分裂局面使得德意志民族无法作为整体来追求国家现代化,因此远远落在英、法等国后面。1870 年后,旧的容克地主贵族通过对外战争实现国家统一,并掌握了现代化领导权,在随后短短30 年间,德国完成了经济起飞,在工业生产方面甚至超过英、法。不过,现代化领导力量的“错位”给德意志民族带来无穷灾难。——以上材料均选自钱乘旦《各国现代化模式的比较》

请回答:

(1 )结合史实概述“光荣革命”后至19 世纪中期,英国是怎样用和平渐进方式实现政治权力转移,推动政治民主化进程的?

________________________________________________________________________________

(2 )1870  年后,法国“用协商手段逐步建立起民主制度”的标志是什么?  法国能够采取这种方式确立民主制度的根源何在?  

________________________________________________________________________________

(3 )材料三中“现代化领导力量的‘错位’”指什么?  这种“错位”给德国的社会发展带来怎样的影响?  

________________________________________________________________________________

(4)综合上述材料,谈谈你对现代化模式的看法。

________________________________________________________________________________

答案

(1 )通过《权利法案》确立君主立宪制,限制君主权力;18  世纪中期形成责任内阁制,“国王统而不治”;1832 年议会改革,工业资产阶级分享政治权利。

(2 )颁布1875 年《法兰西第三共和国宪法》。根源:工业资本主义的发展。

(3 )容克地主贵族掌握了德意志现代化的领导权;德国由皇帝和首相掌握国家最高权力,带有浓厚的专制主义色彩,走上了军国主义道路。

(4 )各国的国情不同决定了现代化道路的多样性

完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从21~36各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The weather was perfect. We were just out for a picnic. When lunch time came, we decided to go and __21__ what each of us wanted, and meet back on the grass.
Susan and I headed for a hot dog stand. We watched the seller put together the hot dog. But when Susan took out her __22__, the man surprised us.
“It looks a little overdone,” he said, “so you don’t have to pay me.”
We said our thanks, __23__ our friends, and began to enjoy our food. But as we talked and ate, I noticed a man sitting alone nearby, in __24__ clothes. I could tell that he hadn’t had a bath for days. Another homeless person, I thought.
We finished eating but when Susan and I went to __25__ away the lunch bag, I heard a voice ask, “There isn’t any __26__ in that bag, is there?”
It was the homeless man. I didn’t know what to say. “No, I __27__ it already.”
“Oh, really?” was his only answer. He was obviously very __28__.
I felt bad for him, __29__ I didn’t know what to do. Suddenly Susan said, “I’ll be __30__ back. Please wait for me a minute.” I watched curiously as she went across to the hot dog stand. Then I __31__ what she was doing. She bought a hot dog, crossed back, and gave the man the food.
When she came back to us, Susan said simply, “I was just passing on the __32__ that someone gave to me.”
That day I learned how generosity can go __33__ than the person you give to. By giving, you __34__ others how to give also. You never know what happiness a simple __35__ of concern will bring about.
小题1:
A.getB.passC.dropD.keep
小题2:
A.presentB.moneyC.keyD.menu
小题3:
A.joinedB.helpedC.visited D.guided
小题4:
A.lovelyB.specialC.dirtyD.popular
小题5:
A.driveB.throwC.washD.pull
小题6:
A.foodB.waterC.cigaretteD.medicine
小题7:
A.boughtB.cookedC.servedD.ate
小题8:
A.coldB.nervousC.hungryD.crazy
小题9:
A.butB.whileC.soD.or
小题10:
A.almostB.stillC.justD.right
小题11:
A.rememberedB.imaginedC.recognizedD.realized
小题12:
A.devotionB.kindnessC.pleasureD.mercy
小题13:
A.quickerB.higherC.fartherD.deeper
小题14:
A.offerB.teachC.trainD.advise
小题15:
A.wayB.showC.sceneD.act
问答题 案例分析题