问题 单项选择题

阅读以下文字,完成以下问题。
“戏”字在几千年前的商周鼎文中就出现了,意思是指一种祭祀性仪式。秦汉时期,娱乐性表演又称“百戏”,包括乐舞、杂技、魔术、马戏等。后来,娱乐性的玩耍时叫“游戏”。所以“戏”原本有仪式、百戏、游戏的含义。
戏剧是人物扮演故事的表演艺术。表演是手段,故事才是核心。有了“故事”。戏剧便区别于广泛意义上的“戏”与“百戏”。故事内涵在戏剧中的存在和被强调,意味着文学性成分的增强,于是,便有了剧本。尽管戏剧是一种剧场中的表演艺术,没有剧本也可以有戏剧,但是,文学的参与使思想内涵深化了。
戏曲是中国传统的、民族性的戏剧艺术。它把中国传统的诗、歌、舞、乐、技的手段在舞台上综合运用起来,表演故事,有别于西方的话剧、歌剧、舞剧。
前些年,流行“世界三大戏剧体系”的说法:一是苏俄的斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基体系,一是德国的布莱希特体系,一是中国的梅兰芳体系(或称中国戏曲表演体系)。简单地说,所谓斯坦尼体系,指的是幕景化的、模拟现实场景的、创造生活幻觉的话剧表演体系;所谓布莱希特体系,指的是将舞台视为流动空间的、无场景无场次的、使演员与观众产生意识交流(即所谓演员与角色的“间离效果”),并带有某种哲理意味儿的戏剧体系。斯坦尼和布莱希特30年代在苏联都观看过梅兰芳的演出,不约而同地大为赞叹,都认为梅兰芳的表演可以印证他们各自的理论。后来,就有人称中国戏曲为“梅兰芳表演体系”。
实际上,斯坦尼体系和布莱希特体系与梅兰芳所代表的中国传统戏曲是不同文化背景的产物,三者并列,在理论上、逻辑上都不严密。如果要讲体系的话,那么中国戏曲是“神形兼备”(即写意)的戏剧表演体系。在世界戏剧史上,东西方古典戏剧(或传统戏剧)可以进行比较,但不宜将西方现代戏剧与中国传统戏剧加以类比。
中国戏曲有古老的传统,通常以公元12世纪左右的杂剧和南戏为戏曲成熟的标志,从那时起,戏曲的艺术传统一脉相承,从未间断,到现在已有800余年历史。目前中国戏曲有300多个剧种,剧目数以万计,戏曲工作者数十万人。如此[a]的文化积淀、如此[b]的艺术队伍,任何一个国家都无法相比。

根据《红楼梦》等四大古典名著改编的电视连续剧,从表演体系来说,与其最为接近的一项是 ( )。

A.斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基体系

B.布莱希特体系

C.梅兰芳体系

D.写意体系

答案

参考答案:A

解析: 本题为语句理解题。电视剧是幕景化的、模拟现实场景的、创造生活幻觉的,因此符合斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基体系的概念。选A。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how

do they operate?

     Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things, if this is even possible, it is short-term, and

tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel

they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term, they will also experience fear.

     Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If

they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you,and you will have

succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner

unable to perform effectively.Fear has no place in leadership.

     The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use

of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day; or we can employ

them at the emotional level, so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own

motivation. Today's work place is all about relationships. 

     As a human being as well as a worker, everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders

understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor in the

work life of most people.

     The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional

intelligence-knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your

emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people

around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.

1. An employee may have a feeling of fear in the work place when ___.

A. he is forced to do things

B. be cannot work at his best

C. he feels his brain shut down

D. he thinks of his work as too heavy

2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. People tend to associate leadership with fear

B. Working conditions affect people's physical health

C. Good relationship is the key to business success

D. Smart people are more functional in the work place

3. To positively influence employees a leader should first of all ____.

A. provide better suggestions

B. develop his own personality

C. give his employees a pay rise

D. hide his own emotion of fear

4. Good leadership is mainly seen in a leader's ability to___.

A. provide a variety of project for employees

B. help raise employee's living standards

C. give employees specific instructions

D. deal wisely with employees' emotions

多项选择题