问题

北魏孝文帝改革成功的根本原因是 (  )

A.维护了顽固贵族的利益

B.最高统治者支持

C.顺应了民族融合的历史发展潮流

D.促进了北方各族的封建化

答案

答案:C

题目分析:北魏孝文帝改革顺应当时北魏历史潮流,得到北魏鲜卑族和汉族人民的大力拥护,加之孝文帝本人的才能卓著,他的改革加速了鲜卑族的封建化。孝文帝改革顺应了民族融合的历史发展潮流这是改革成功的根本原因。C符合题意,故选C项。

点评:本题难度适中,考查学生的理解能力。本题还可以把商鞅变法和北魏孝文帝改革的内容相比较,找出两者的异同,培养学生的比较能力。

问答题 简答题
问答题

Although Henry Ford’s name is closely associated with the concept of mass production,he should receive equal credit for introducing labor practices as early as 1913 that would be considered advanced even by today’s standards. Safety measures were improved, and the workday was reduced to eight hours, compared with the ten-or-twelve-hour day common at the time. In order to accommodate the shorter work day, the entire factory was converted from two to three shifts.
In addition, sick leaves as well as improved medical care for those injured on the job were instituted. (47)The Ford Motor Company was one of the first factories to develop a technical school to train specialized skilled laborers and an English language school for immigrants. Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and provide jobs for former convicts.
(48)The most widely acclaimed innovation was the five-dollar-a-day minimum wage that was offered in order to recruit and retain the best mechanics and to discourage the growth of labor unions. Ford explained the new wage policy in terms of efficiency and profit sharing. He also mentioned the fact that his employees would be able to purchase the automobiles that they produced—in effect creating a market for the product. (49)In order to qualify for the minimum wage, an employee had to establish a decent home and demonstrate good personal habits,including sobriety,thriftiness,industriousness,and dependability. (50)Although some criticism was directed at Ford for involving himself too much in the personal lives of his employees,there can be no doubt that,at a time when immigrants were being taken advantage of in frightful ways,henry Ford was helping many people to establish themselves in America.