问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成问题。

  月光如流水一般,静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里。叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样;又像笼着轻纱的梦。虽然是满月,天上却有一层淡淡的云,所以不能朗照;但我以为这恰是到了好处--酣眠固不可少,小睡也别有风味的。月光是隔了树照过来的,高处丛生的灌木,落下参差的斑驳的黑影,峭楞楞如鬼一般;弯弯的杨柳的稀疏的倩影,却又像是画在荷叶上。塘中的月色并不均匀;但光与影有着和谐的旋律,如梵婀玲上奏着的名曲。

1.“酣眠固不可少,小睡也别有风味的”一句的意思是什么?

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2.“泻”“浮”“洗”这几个动词的使用有什么表达效果?

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3.这一段主要描写了什么景物?使用了什么表现手法?营造了怎样的意境?表达了作者怎样的心情?

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答案

1.满月朗照是必要的,隔着淡淡的云也别有风趣。(这里运用了比喻的修辞手法,结合上下句的描述,应指月光的情况。)

2.作者用“泻”字,充分表现了月光的柔和;用“浮”字表现出雾的轻飘之态;用“洗”字能承接上下文比喻月光如流水一般,静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。(这几个动词的使用都各有好处,换成别的动词则不能达到最佳表达效果:比如把“泻”字换成“照”,当看到“照”字就不会想到流水,而“玛”字唤起了人们对流水的想象,巧妙地写出最佳表达效果;把“浮”字换成“升”或其他字,则失之轻柔,也失去了朱自清散文独特的意境,不美;把“洗”字改成“刷”或别的词,就不能和下文的“牛乳”相照应。)

3.描写了月光;使用了衬托手法;营造了朦胧、幽静、富有韵味的意境;表达了“淡淡的喜悦,淡淡的哀愁”的心情。(几个问题的解答,要依托于对文本的解读及对写作背景的分析,比如说政局的变化,让“大时代的小卒”朱自清先生从斗争的“十字街头”消失,钻进古典文学的“象牙之塔”,他的思想必然会变化,这样,他自然会在笔下的景物中流露出自己的感情来。)

单项选择题
单项选择题

Modern industrial society grants little status to old people. In fact, such a society has a system of built-in obsolescence. There is no formal system for continuing our education throughout our life in order to keep up with rapidly changing knowledge. When our education and job skills have grown obsolete, we are treated exactly like those who have never gained an education or job skills and are not encouraged or given the opportunity to begin anew.As a society becomes more highly developed, the overall status of older people diminishes. Improved health technology creates a large pool of old people, who compete for jobs with the young. However, economic technology lowers the demand for workers and creates new jobs for which the skills of the aged are obsolete, forcing older people into retirement. At the same time, young people are being educated in the new technology and are keeping pace with rapid changes in knowledge. Finally, urbanization creates age-segregated neighborhoods. Because the old live on fixed incomes, they must often live in inferior housing. All these factors — retirement, obsolete knowledge and skills, inferior standards of living — lower the status of the aged in society.A century ago, when one could expect to live only to 50 or so, the life span more or less coincided with the occupation and family cycle. But today the average life span allows for fifteen to twenty years of life after these cycles. It appears that our life span is outpacing our usefulness in society.

The sentence "our life span outpaces our usefulness" means we can live longer________.

A.and make progress

B.and do more work

C.but move slowly

D.but become useless