问题 完形填空

小题1:

The use of health supplements such as multivitamin tablets has increased greatly in the western world. People take these supplements because advertising suggests that they prevent a range of medical conditions from developing. However, there is concern that people are consuming worryingly high doses of these supplements and the European Union (EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of them. This EU directive should be supported.

小题2:

Research suggests that people who take Vitamin C supplements of over 5000 milligrams a day are more likely to develop cancer. This shows how much damage these health supplements do to people’s health. A spokesman for the health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements help prevent heart disease, but we can dismiss this evidence as it is from a biased source.

小题3:

Science fiction of the 1960s and 1970s predicted that pills would replace meals as the way in which people would get the fuel they needed. This, it was argued, would mean a more efficient use of time as people wouldn’t have to waste it preparing or eating meals. The EU directive would help prevent this nightmare of pills replacing food becoming a reality.

小题4:

Peop0le already take too many pills instead of adopting a healthier lifestyle. For example, the consumption of painkillers in Britain in 1998 was 21 tablets per year for every man, woman and child in the country. People do not need all these pills.

小题5:

Some might argue that the EU directive denies people’s right to freedom of choice. However, there are many legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individual’s best interests. We now make people wear seatbelts rather than allowing them to choose to do so. Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened.

答案

小题1:C

小题2:B

小题3:F

小题4:A

小题5:E

【文章大意】文章讲述的是针对人们服用过多的维生素等药物,欧盟出台了一项指令,为了纠正和防止药物的过渡使用所产生的问题。

小题1:根据第一段的内容可知,该段的主要观点是however,之后的内容,前面是提出一个现象,为了引出问题,however之后是文章主要讨论的话题,即there is concern that people are consuming worryingly high doses of these supplements and the European Union (EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of them ,担心人们错误地消费了高剂量的补品,因此EU对此作出了反应,出台了一项指令,将会禁止补品的广泛使用。即C项,UE对过度使用健康产品的反应。

小题2:根据第二段的Research suggests that people who take Vitamin C supplements of over 5000 milligrams a day are more likely to develop cancer. 和A spokesman for the health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements help prevent heart disease可知,该段主要讲述了两种截然相反的,关于是否要服用额外的维生素C的观点,因此选择B项,讲的是关于服用额外维生素的不同发现。

小题3:根据该段的The EU directive would help prevent this nightmare of pills replacing food becoming a reality可知,欧盟的指令将会阻止这种用药片来代替食物的噩梦成为现实,即F项。

小题4:根据该段的Peop0le already take too many pills instead of adopting a healthier lifestyle可知,人们已经服用了太多的药片了,故选择A项。

小题5:根据最后一段的However, there are many legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individual’s best interests. .......... Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened可知,欧盟的这项指令目的是为了公众的最大利益,即选择E。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成下列各题。

故乡的芦花

(1)在滩涂上看芦花,是一件很惬意的事情。那种骑着牛背走在湖堤上看一望无垠的芦花的感觉,至今仍然令人回味无穷。柳笛声中,那大片大片茂密的芦苇迎风招展,雪一样的芦花便如旗帜般潮涌浪卷;宁静中,仿佛有涛声隐约,忍不住牧牛进入那片芦苇花海,任由苇絮芦花轻拂脸颊,然后折一根长长的芦苇顶在头上,自己就俨然成了芦苇王子。

(2)如今滩涂上的苇林稀了,那种飘雪的壮观景象我是难以找到了,但是一蓬一蓬的芦苇依然顽强地生长在那些肥沃的滩涂上、河床边,它们惊人的生命力,来自于那深深下扎的芦根;当芦花谢了,芦苇枯萎,那些吮吸着水乡乳汁的芦根,却已在孕育着新的生命。

(3)我常常将芦花看作是水乡的女人,她们是我的祖母和母亲,还有更多系着围裙下河下湖的女人。水乡的湖从来不曾干涸。每到涨潮时节,纵横交错的河床满了,水会漫过岸边的芦苇。一路流淌,直到扎进湖里。而到了枯水季节,湖水会经过一孔孔涵闸,给这些河道注入生命之水,也滋润着河道两边丛生的芦苇。

(4)芦苇拔节的季节,正是麦地出苗的时候,这时候的水乡是清闲的,河边往往是最热闹的地方。男人们会光着膀子修理渔具,将那些终年漂在水上的船抬到岸上,晒干后,顶着日头,一遍遍地给船体上桐油。织网是女人的活计,树阴下,那些穿花似的巧手忽上忽下,令人眼花缭乱。一级一级的石板台阶,一个一个的水埠头,女人的嬉闹声里,常常掺杂着汉子粗粗的嗓门。泥土一样朴实。间或有水鸟扑愣愣地从岸边的芦苇丛中飞出,引起一串更响亮的笑声。当此起彼伏的棒槌声渐渐停息下来,女人们会就着河水洗发,会将清清的水面当作妆镜,欣赏一番自己的容颜,一朵红云会腾上脸来。

(5)当湖风温暖地沿着苇荡穿行的日子,芦花开始出穗,男人们开始下湖忙活。这时候的女人也忙碌起来,她们像莲花一样开放在近湖和堰塘里,一个个小小的木桶,一根根细长的竹篙,让女人们融入到一片诗意之中。草帽下,那些淌着汗水的脸,总是笑意嫣然,挥手问,沾满菱角叶。在我的水乡,采菱一般是女人的专利,说笑之间,她们的纤纤十指飞快地摘着水面上的菱角,熟练得就像在做纳鞋底一样的针线活,不一会儿,木桶就满了,女人们将木桶划到岸边,麻利地用筐篓装好,然后舀干木桶里的水,又轻盈地划进菱花丛中。一趟趟下来,岸边的菱角成了小山,女人的衣服开始湿透,会显出好看的曲线。偶尔有汉子心疼婆娘,也划着木桶采菱,他们笨拙的姿势往往引来女人的笑声,有时木桶翻了,男人和菱角一起滑落到水里,这时候,女人的笑声会更加恣意。

(6)芦苇长得更高的时候,芦花开始在风中怒放,秋风中,那银白如絮的芦花飘逸柔情。男人们开始频繁地出湖,而女人们的扁舟会像蜜蜂一样轻灵地穿行在荷叶林中。那些莲花凋谢的荷杆上,已挂满熟透的莲蓬。每当扁舟划过,女人唇边的渔歌,夹杂着莲蓬与荷梗断裂的脆响,这时候的女人,就像迎风飘拂的芦花一样美丽动人。

(7)和家乡众多的女人一样,母亲的那双勤劳的手,除了摘菱采莲和忙她那永远也做不完的针线活外,还会用芦苇编织很多东西。夕阳下,母亲坐在院子里,用锋利的篾刀将芦苇去皮,劈成蔑条,编织成苇帘、苇席、苇篮和苇篓等用品,连圈养鸭子的篱笆和菜地的栅栏都是用一根根的芦苇夹成。有时候坐在小凳上,看着母亲那双灵巧的手上下翻飞,每每出神。

(8)等到我上中学时,一个外地商人在当地办起苇编厂,那些取之不尽的芦苇被水乡的女人编成果篮、笔筒等精美的工艺品,竟成了一项创收的渠道。再后来,镇上办起了造纸厂。芦苇被大量收购,水乡的芦苇面积开始减少,那种芦花如海的景象不多见了。如今,祖母早已过世。母亲也已不再是当年的采莲女,但家乡的芦花仍然一年又一年地花开花谢,牵动着我的一抹乡愁,一抹遥远的记忆。让我再一次徜徉在芦苇花海,走进那种难得的宁静淡泊之中。(李笙清)

小题1:作者突出描写了水乡女子哪些动人的生活场景?请用简洁的语言加以概括。(4分)

小题2:从标题看,文章应着重写故乡的芦苇,实际上,文章更多地回忆了故乡的人和事。作者是如何将芦苇与人事巧妙地联系起来的?(6分

小题3:文章结尾说故乡的芦花“牵动着我的一抹乡愁,一抹遥远的记忆”,这句话包含了作者哪些情感?请结合全文内容分条概括。(6分)

小题4:这篇散文富有诗意美、人情美,请结合五、六两段,就其表现手法方面的特色,作简要的赏析。(4分)

名词解释