问题 阅读理解与欣赏

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“振华4号”归来

丁波 尤莼洁

  寒潮即将来临,江上已经起风,但“振华4号”的归来,让振华港机长兴基地乃至整个长兴岛,都被一种豪情与热血点燃。迎风处,“欢迎‘振华4号’凯旋”的横幅,红得鲜艳。

  码头上欢迎的人群欢呼雀跃:“欢迎你们归来,‘振华4号’的英雄们!”去年12月17日与索马里海盗斗智斗勇4小时,“振华4号”30名船员一时成为全国焦点。成功逼退海盗之后,船员们也归心似箭,但返航期间风浪很大,尤其在南中国海海域,受风浪等影响,估计航速只有正常时速的一半。因此抵达上海的日子,从原本预计的1月15日推迟到1月19日,再推到昨天,终于,经历过生死考验的英雄们回家了!

  上午10点40分,船靠岸--从外表看,“振华4号”平凡守拙;记者上船,也没有看到想象中烧焦的断垣残壁。曾经海盗站立的主甲板上,如今已清理一新,并重新上了油漆。但在船员的热心指导下,还是能在烟囱甲板上看到不少海盗留下的枪眼。一处一处,钢板凹陷,外漆脱落,只觉当时危险扑面而来。

  所有人都指望着船员们讲述那惊心动魄的一个半小时,但他们每一个都像“振华4号”船憨厚朴实。船长彭维源躲着记者,实在没办法了,他讷讷地说:“我们都是普通的船员,普通的公民,普通的人,只是在特殊的地方,遇到了特殊的人,做出了本能、正常的反应……”

  经历生死考验,57岁的彭维源却一直很镇定。他和船员们一样,开口都是在说着这艘他们在大海上生死相依的“振华4号”。近距离看“振华4号”,它与普通的商船有很大区别:由于是用来整体运输高高的桥吊,所以模样很特别,船体中部的外板很低,如同凹下去的腹部,主甲板也下降6米,因此离海面很近,十分容易攀爬。这或许是吸引海盗的一点。但船员们介绍说,也正是这艘不一般的“振华4号”,舱门是特制的水压门,厚度虽然只有四五毫米,可一般的机枪射到这种门上,都不会对它造成大的威胁。当时海盗背有火箭筒,幸运的是可能没装火箭弹并没使用,他们上船后只是用冲锋枪、重机枪扫射。

  彭维源也指着主甲板和生活区的梯子说,主甲板和生活区的落差有6米以上,高耸的生活区四周钢板都是平滑的,无法攀爬,所以当时船员们把两边的梯子割掉,海盗们虽然容易爬上主甲板,却难以登上生活区。最终,有3位海盗登上生活区甲板,却已是“强弩之末”。

  记者在船体上看到,两边曾经被割掉的梯子,如今已有一边重新安好,另一边依然搁在甲板上。梯子由两三节组成,铁质的,并不厚实,正因此有利于船员们快速割断。据介绍,早在船舶前往苏丹运送桥吊的过程中,经验丰富的彭维源便作好了应对海盗的准备,命令船员将连接甲板和生活区的梯子割掉,但没有遇到海盗。船舶返回途中,彭维源没有放松警惕,再次命令船员割掉梯子,从而使海盗登船后没能成功劫持船舶。

  至于出海之前就提前做好的预案,更是连怎么扔燃烧瓶、怎么躲子弹,每一个步骤都讲到了。记者在船员带领下来到指挥室旁的甲板上,当时船员们就是在这里向下丢掷自行制造的“燃烧弹”,成功击退了海盗。在展示的各类自卫武器中,有一个大大的抛绳器,外壳最为显眼。船员们介绍说,这本是用来远距离抛掷绳索的,可以抛到200米以上,如今它集火箭、引燃器和抛绳装置于一个容器内,作为武器能产生很大后坐力和爆发力。船员们说:“我们一共有4个抛绳器,只用了1个,就像重磅炸弹一样,把海盗镇位了……”

  “在激战中,有颗子弹贴着我脖子飞过,事后想想还是一身冷汗。”一位船员说。

  这只是一群普通海员,在那一刻却真的很英勇。(摘自2009年1月23日《解放日报》,有删节)

  [新闻背景]北京时间2008年12月17日12时43分,中国交通建设集团所属“振华4号”货轮在亚丁湾水域遭海盗袭击,9名海盗登船。“振华4号”船员采取防范措施,在各方的配合和支援下,海盗被逼退,“振华4号”货轮和船上30名船员获救脱险。

1.“寒潮即将来临,江上已经起风”似乎与报道的内容没有密切关系,为什么作者要以这两句话开头?

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2.在这则新闻中,无论是船长还是记者,都多次提到“普通”一词,你是怎样理解文中两处画线语句中“普通”一词的含义的?

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3.从这则新闻的内容和相关新闻背景中,我们可以总结出“振华4号”能平安归来的原因有哪些?请分条概括说明。

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4.这则新闻在写法上具有哪些特点?请简要分析说明。

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答案

1.(1)这两句话交代了“振华4号”归来时的天气的情况;

(2)用环境的寒冷反衬欢迎场面的热烈。

2.彭维源船长说的“普通”,是为了突出当时情况的“特殊”,同时带有自谦、不事张扬之意。记者说的“普通”是为了反衬船员的“英勇”,强调了平凡的人取得了不平凡的成就。

3.(1)船的独特结构和切实有效的防范措施。

(2)船长的沉着、镇定,正确的指挥。

(3)全体船员毫不畏惧,勇敢、顽强的抵抗。

(4)国际社会的配合和支援。

4.(1)这则新闻采用了“倒金字塔”结构方式,由导语和主体两部分构成。

(2)在主体部分,作者采用了倒叙的方式。

(3)新闻中有大量关于“振华4号”的细节描写,给人以亲临现场之感。(能答出其中两点即可)

单项选择题
单项选择题

Passage Three

One of Microsoft’s cool people, is Patrick Blackburn. As a test manager for the Product Group, Blackburn’s job may sound routine; however, he says it’s anything but that.
"Most people ,think of software testing as a mundane task of punching the keyboard like a monkey, trying to break the program," Blackburn says. "Part of that is true, but we write software programs called Monkeys to do that for us so that we don’t have to hire real monkeys. Real monkeys are too difficult to manage and don’t usually pass the personal hygiene criteria !" In reality, Blackburn says, testing responsibilities are very technically challenging and often include complete development cycles of their own. He spends most of his time coming up with creative incentives to convince his team to believe in schedules for products that don’t yet exist, hiring great people to build p teams, and pounding on the products to find bugs before the customer sees them.
According to Blackburn, the most critical thing you can do to succeed at Microsoft is to focus on what you believe is important. "It’s easy to get overwhelmed with everything going on around you, so first and foremost you need to stay focused," he says. "What you focus on needs to be something you firmly believe in so that you’ll pursue it and defend your mission with a passion. "
He also thinks that one of the biggest differences between his co-workers at Microsoft and those at his former workplace is the sense of ownership and the impact on the business that everyone shares. "We hire people who tend to become personally attached to the products and the success of the company, and the environment really perpetuates this," Blackburn says. "It’s much easier to motivate a team at Microsoft than any other company I’ve been in. "
One of the most difficult parts of Blackburn’s job is staying ahead of the people who report to him. "Because there are so many smart people and technology is changing so quickly, it is a constant challenge to keep up," he says. "I hope that’s because I hire such great people!"
To succeed, Blackburn uses time management tactics and allocates a specific amount of time to education. "My personal goal is to spend at least 20 percent of my time learning new things through formal and informal methods. "

Blackburn keeps on learning new things mainly because ______ .

A.he has to keep up with new technology in order to lead his people better

B.he has to receive further education in order to get promotion to a higher position

C.he has to know more than other smart managers in order to make better reports

D.he has to learn time management tactics in order to transfer to management department