问题 单项选择题

关于毛细管黏度计下列叙述不正确的是()。

A.是血浆、血清黏度测定的参考方法

B.适用于牛顿流体样本的测定

C.毛细管轴心处流体剪切率为0,黏度最高

D.贴壁处的流体剪切率最高,黏度最低

E.能直接检测某一剪切率下的表观黏度

答案

参考答案:E

阅读理解与欣赏

传统文化须敬畏

张文珍

       ①前不久,有两件事情引起人们格外关注。先是孔子、老子两位古人画像被穿上西装、打起领带,成为商家推出的衣服品牌的“代言人”;再是韩国有人宣称孔子、西施、李时珍是韩国人。这两件事虽都有些可笑,却也促使我们反思自己对待传统文化的态度。

       ②传统文化是民族内在的灵魂和血脉,是民族的身份证明,是维系国家统一和民族团结的精神纽带,是中华儿女和睦相处、携手发展的共同精神家园,是民族凝聚力和创造力的重要源泉,是中 * * 生生不息的不竭动力。中国之所以成为世界上最早的几大文明古国之中绝无仅有的延续至今的国家,一个重要原因就是中华文化具有顽强的生命力与内在的活力。

       ③可是,长期以来我们对传统文化确乎不怎么客气。发生于上个世纪的“ * * ”,曾使得中国传统文化元气大伤。固然,传统文化有不容回避的缺陷,有让人诟病的糟粕,它的封建专制思想、纲常名教和等级尊卑观念,它的保守拘泥、僵化固执、不善开拓,应对中国近代以来的落后承担责任。但话说回来,世界上有哪个民族的文化是完美无缺、无懈可击的,又有哪个民族对自己的文化鞭达、摧残得如此绝情?相反,我们恰恰到处可见人家对传统的爱惜与保护,包括一片街区、一栋楼宇、一所殿堂、一座故居,都尽可能保存其原有的风貌,尽可能给后人留下曾经的情感记忆。

       ④有缺点不是不可以批评,我们一贯的主张是取其精华,去其糟粕;传统也不是不能变,我们一直强调立足时代,推陈出新。只是我们这样做的时候,应当非常慎重,应秉持一种庄严与神圣的感觉,致力于挖掘其永不磨灭的精神力量,弘扬其高贵的精神品格,以此丰富我们的时代精神,突显民族个性。开头所讲的两件事情从另一个侧面表明那些打着“创意”“文化”的旗号对古人的所谓“开发”,除了急功近利的、赤裸裸的商业利用之外,还能给人什么样的启示与教益呢?一个不尊古人和传统的民族,不可能是健康的民族,也不可能赢得尊重。在全球化背景下,不着力爱护、保护自己的文化遗产,我们的传统文化就有被他国“抢走”的可能。

       ⑤实际上,彻底否定传统是不可能做到的事情。庞朴认为:“传统不是可以随气温而穿脱的外衣,甚至都不是可以因发育而定期蜕除的角质表皮……它无法随手扔掉,难以彻底决裂,除非谁打算自戕或自焚。”既然不能像包袱一样一丢了之,就不如好好地对待它,改造它,变化它,更新它,注入新的精神与血液,让它焕发神采,激发它的活力,清理、挖掘、弘扬其中有价值的因素为现代化服务。当年梁启超曾说:“我希望我们可爱的青年,第一步,要人人存一个尊重爱护本国文化的诚意。第二步,要用那西洋人研究学问的方法去研究它,得它的真相。第三步,把自己的文化综合起来,还拿别人的补助它,叫它起一种化合作用,成为一个新文化系统。第四步,把这新系统往外扩充,叫人类全体都得着它的好处。”

       ⑥文化是灿烂的,也是脆弱的,它需要精心的照料和培育。全球化时代,民族文化已经和正在遭受严峻挑战,但致命的伤害往往不是来自于外部,而是文明传承者的随意亵渎与践踏。

1.本文的中心论点是:                                  。

2.文章开头提到的两件事与中心论点之间有怎样的联系?

                                                                                                                                     

3.对第②③段文字分析理解不正确的一项是 [ ]

A.第②段排比句中还同时运用了比喻的修辞方法,从论证方法看,这一排比句属道理论证。

B.第②段的意思是说,中华文化具有崇高的地位和重要的作用,因而我们必须珍惜和保护。

C.第③段举出“ * * ”的事例,从反面揭示了我们对待传统文化的错误态度及其后果。

D.第③段的意思是说,任何民族的文化都不是完美无缺的,故对传统文化的缺陷也应客气。

4.第⑤段引用庞朴的话,作者要表达的的意思是什么?

                                                                                                                                                    

5.联系全文,说说传统文化已经和正在遭受哪些挑战。

                                                                                                                                                             

阅读理解

Say you meet with difficulty, what’s the first thing you do? Call your best friend and ask for help? It turns out that doing this may be better for you than you think. Researchers find that friendship has a big influence on your health, well-being and business.

One study from scientists recently found that older people with a large circle of friends were 22% less likely to die during a 10-year period than those with fewer friends. Other researchers discovered that having a strong social network could improve brain health as we age.

Even more interesting, feeling close to your friends may give you a different view on things. Researchers gathered 34 college students out side and asked them to estimate the steepness(估计陡峭程度) of a hill after climbing it. Those standing with friends gave lower estimates, and the longer the friends had known each other, the less steep the hill appeared.

What is the reason that friends can make obstacles seem less difficult? “People with stronger friendship networks feel that there is someone they can turn to,” said Karen A. Roberto, director of the center of the hospital at Virginia Tech. “Friendship is a valued resource (宝贵的资源).”

It is truly the fact. Friends make your life better. They provide support in hard times. They inspire you to make changes in your life, encourage you to set goals and cheer you on every step of the way until you reach them.

Want to find out more about the power of friendship? Read “Be a Better Friend”, “Make New Friends” and “Keep the Old”.

1. According to the author, if you’ve lost your job you should        .

A. turn to your best friend      B. ask for advice from your teacher

C. face it bravely by yourself    D. ask your parents for help

2. We can learn from the study in Paragraph 2 that        .

A. people with a lot of friends can stay away from illnesses

B. people with many friends may enjoy a longer life

C. 22% of the people who have fewer friends have a short life

D. those who have fewer friends may die 10 years earlier.

3. The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to some thing___________

A. that you are hoping to achieve by a plan

B. that happens to you when you are working

C. that makes it difficult for us to achieve something

D. that you have been trying to do

4. The fifth paragraph was written to tell us that        .

A. we should make many friends  B. true friendship lives long

C. friend ship has changed us     D. friendship should be valued