(1) So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children that which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that “reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible”.
(2) Teaching and learning are two different processes. _________ in function and in kind. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also public activity. It can be seen and observed.
(3) Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public observation.
(4) If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in exploring knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.”
(5) When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
小题1:What is the main idea of the passage? ( no more than 8 words)
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小题2:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 3 words)
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小题3: What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 5 refers to? (2 words)
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小题4:. How does the author develop Paragraph 4? (no more than 4 words)
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小题5:What does it mean according to the author if teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading? (no more than 8 words)
小题1:Reading ability is something gained rather than taught. /Reading activity is something gained by learning.
小题2:They differ/They are different/There are differences.
小题3:The/Their roles
小题4:By raising and answering questions/quotation.
小题5:The teaching of reading will be successful./The reading teaching will be a success.
题目分析:
小题1:Reading ability is something gained rather than taught. /Reading activity is something gained by learning.主旨大意题。根据第一段第二句话Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading.教孩子读书不是把阅读的内容传递给他们，肯定不是无休止的阅读练习。和最后一段Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.当老师为孩子创造一个让孩子学会阅读的机会时，学习阅读就会变得容易了。
小题2:They differ/They are different/There are differences.填空题。根据前句Teaching and learning are two different processes.教与学是两个不同的过程。接下来应是在哪方面不同。可用differ in/be different in或名词difference
小题3:The/Their roles代词指代问题。根据前句When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are当弄明白了老师和学生的角色时，那么and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately,老师和学生都能够准确的履行它们，them肯定是指上文的their roles
小题4:By raising and answering questions/quotation.考查文章的写法。第一句If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in exploring knowledge?作者提出问题。接着作者又回答了问题。
小题5:推理判断题The teaching of reading will be successful./The reading teaching will be a success.根据最后一句. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.可知作者认为老师能鼓励学生找到自己的阅读方法，那么阅读的教学就成功了。