问题 综合题

(15分)20世纪的战争与和平

1933年2月14日,国联特别大会提出了一万五千字的《关于中日争议之报告书》,2月17日在日内瓦向全世界发表。《关于中日争议之报告书》是国联处理日本侵华问题过程中的一个最为重要的决议。

报告书认为,日军的军事行动不能认为是合法的自卫手段。解决中日争端的任何方法,都必须遵守国联盟约、非战公约和九国公约等国际法的规定。

报告书认为,“满洲国”的成立并不是中国东北民众自发的独立运动,完全是日本一手策划的。……“满洲国”是不合法的 * * ,所以不能予以承认。

报告书认为,“无论在法律上、事实上将东北三省等自中国他部割离,日后恐将造成一严重‘未收回领土’问题,使中国长存敌意,以致危及和平”。因此,报告书认为维护和平的必要条件就是“维持中国主权及领土与行政之完整”。

报告书详细地描述了国际共管中国东北的方案:第一,召集顾问会议。“顾问会议的最后议案由中国政府列入宣言之内,并转送《九国公约》的签字国。“第二,成立东三省自治政府。“自治政府行政长官得指派相当数额之外国顾问,其中日本人应占一定比例”。第三,组织特别宪警。这个队伍“既为东三省境内唯一武装实力,其他一切武装力量(指中国方面或日本方面之一切特别警察或铁路守备队),即应退出东三省境内。”

请回答:

(1)根据材料,概括国联特别大会《关于中日争议之报告书》中的主要观点。(8分)

(2)依据上述材料,你如何认识国联特别大会提出的《关于中日争议之报告书》。(7分)

答案

(1)主要观点:驳斥日本自卫的谎言,暗示了日本对中国进行的是侵略战争;宣布不承认“满洲国”;明确肯定东北三省是中国领土;要与日本共同分享在中国东北地区的利益。(8分)

(2)评价:基本上实事求是地揭露了所谓满州事件的真相,给中国以道义和法律上的支持,有助于中国维护领土完整和行使对东北地区的主权;在国际上孤立了日本,对其进一步侵华起了一定的遏制作用。但是,报告书也存在许多问题,最严重的就是为了得到一个两全的结果,提出了解决满州问题的错误建议。它违背了处理国际关系的基本准则,在处理国际争端方面留下了不太光彩的记录。(言之成理,酌情给分)(7分)

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完形填空

The U.S. Master Golf Tournament(美国高尔夫大师赛) is one of the big four games in professional golf. This year, Guan Tianlang, a fourteen-year-old Chinese, has become a well-known as the youngest player in the 77-year history of the game. And he won the best-performing amateur(业余选手). He had a hard time in the game, but he said it was a wonderful experience for him.

At the age of 4, he started learning golf from his father. Many people think he is a smart golfer. Even Ben Crenshaw, a two-time Masters winner, praised(称赞) Guan’s performance after playing with the boy. “He’s very confident(自信) and patient. He never played in a hurry, ” he said to the USA Today.

Guan makes the world know him not only with his game, but with his English as well. He answered the reporters’ questions with his perfect English. In fact, English is just one of favorite subjects. He also likes maths and history very much. At school, Guan is just like any other boy of his age. He goes to regular classes. He enjoys basketball and Kobe Bryrant is his favorite basketball player. He is always trying to get food grades and find time to practice golfing. He wants to win a major one day, but he said, “There’re still a lot of things to learn to improve. So nothing to rush.”

小题1:Who is Guan Tianlang?

小题2:What does Crenshaw think of Guan?

小题3:How long is the history of the U.S. Master Golf Tournament?

小题4:How did Guan feel about the time he had in the game this year?

小题5:What can we learn about Guan from the last paragraph?