问题 问答题

内容效度是什么怎样估计

答案

参考答案:内容效度是指一个测验实际测到的内容与所要测量的内容之间的吻合程度。
(2)估计一个测验的内容效度就是去确定该测验在多大程度上代表了所要测量的行为领域。而所要测量的内容或行为领域是依据测量的目的而定的,它通常包括预测的知识范围以及该范围内各种知识点所要求掌握的程度两方面。主要有以下几种方法:
①内容效度的确定方法主要是逻辑分析法,其具体步骤是:
a.明确欲测内容的范围,包括知识范围和能力要求两个方面,这种范围的确定必须具体、详细,并要根据一定目的规定好各纲目的比例。
b.确定每个题目所测的内容,并与测验编制者所列的双向细目表(参见题目编制部分)相对照,逐题比较自己的分类与制卷者的分类并作记录。
c.制定评定量表,考查题目对所定义的内容范围的覆盖率、判断题目难度与能力要求之间的差异,还要考查各种题目数量和分数的比例以及题目形式对内容的适当性等,对整个测验的有效性作出总的评价。
②统计方法。克龙巴赫提出过内容效度的统计分析方法。其具体方法是:从同一个教学内容总体中抽取两套独立的平行测验,用这两个测验来测同一批被试,求其相关程度。若相关程度低,则两个测验中至少有一个缺乏内容效度;若相关程度高,则测验可能有较高的内容效度。
③再测法。其操作过程是:在被试学习某种知识之前作一次测验,在学过该知识后再做同样的测验,这时若后测成绩显著地优于前测成绩,则说明所测内容正是被试新近所学内容,进而证明该测验对这部分内容而言具有较高的内容效度。

阅读理解

Mr Brown was going away for a week. Before he left, he said to his son, "If anyone asks for me, you can tell him that your father has been out for doing something, and will be back in a week, then be sure to ask him to sit down for a cup of tea."

"OK, Dad," said his son. But he was afraid his son couldn’t remember this, he wrote these words down on a piece of paper and gave it to him. His son put it into his small pocket, took it out and looked at it every now and then.

Four days passed, but no one came to see his father. The boy thought that there was no man to come and that the piece of paper was of no more use for him, so he burnt(烧) it that evening.

The next afternoon, someone knocked at the door. The boy opened it. A man was standing at the door and said, "Where is your father?" The boy put his hand into his pocket at once and looked for the piece of paper. He could not find it. He suddenly remembered he had burnt it, so he shouted, "No more."

The man was very surprised. He asked, "No more? I met your father last week. When did it happen?"

"Burnt yesterday evening."

小题1:Mr Brown told his son that _____.    

A.he would be away from home for four days

B.he would be back in seven days

C.he would be back in a month

D.he would be back in a week小题2:Mr Brown wrote the words down on ______.

A.the wall

B.the door

C.a piece of paper

D.the picture小题3:A man came to visit the boy’s father on ________.

A.the fifth day

B.the third day

C.the fourth day

D.the second day小题4:The man was very surprised because _____.   

A.he thought the child’s father was dead

B.the child didn’t ask him to sit down

C.the child gave him a cup of tea

D.the child gave him a cup of coffee小题5:What was burnt? ________.     

A.The piece of paper

B.Mr. Smith

C.The visitor

D.the son

单项选择题