问题 选择题

美国1787年《联邦宪法》确立了一套“地域和体制的双向平衡机制”,是孟德斯鸠“以权力制约权力”学说第一次在政府体制的设计方面得到较好的贯彻。这种机制不包括(   )

A.各州和联邦政府之间的分权制衡

B.联邦政府的立法、行政、司法三部门间分权制衡

C.国会参众两院对立法权的分权制衡

D.白人、黑人在国家权力分配中的分权制衡

答案

答案:D

题目分析:ABC分别反映了美国1787年宪法规定的联邦制、三权分立制和议会制度,表述正确;D表述不对,美国1787年宪法保留了黑人奴隶制,带有种族歧视的色彩,因此D符合题意。

点评:评价美国1787年宪法:(1)进步性(意义): ①是世界上第一部较完整的资产阶级成文宪法,在权力结构中突出“分权与制衡”原则,体现了一定的民主精神,保障了资产阶级民主制度,奠定了美国政治制度的法律基础。②将西欧启蒙思想与美国实际相结合,建立了资产阶级共和制度,巩固了独立战争的重大成果,带来美国的长期稳定,促进了美国资本主义的发展。③建立起联邦制国家,中央集权与地方分权相结合,在维护国家主权的同时,也有利于发挥地方的积极性和创造性。④美国创立的联邦制、三权分立制和民主(总统)共和制,对其它资本主义国家民主制度的建设也起到了示范作用。(2)局限性:允许奴隶制和黑奴贸易的存在,不承认黑人和印第安人具有与白人同等的权利,打上了种族歧视的烙印;最初没有规定人民应有的基本权利。

阅读理解

One day when Jack was walking inthe park, he saw a woman he knew sitting on a bench(长椅)with a dog beside her. The dog was looking up at the woman.

Jack walked up to the woman and said, “Hello. Sue, how are you? May I sit and talk with you for a while?”

“Of course, please sit down,”Sue said.

Jack sat down next to Sue on the bench, and they talked quietly together.

The dog continued to look up at Sue, as if waiting to be fed.

“That's a nice dog”Jack said, pointing(指向)at the animal.

“Yes, he's handsome. He's a bit of a mixture(混合) but that's not a bad thing.

He's strong and healthy”

“And hungry,” Jack said. “He hasn't taken his eyes off you. He thinks you've got

some food for him.”

“That's true,”Sue said, But I haven’t.”

The two friends laughed and then Jack said, “Does your dog bite?”

“No,” Sue said. “He's never bitten anyone. He's always gentle and good-tempered

(好脾气).”

Hearing this, Jack decided to pet the dog. He put out his hand and touched the

animal's head. Immediately it jumped up and bit him.

“Hey!” Jack shouted. “You said he didn't bite.”

“No, I didn't,”Sue replied.  “You asked,if my dog bit, and I said no.

小题1:What did Jack do when he saw the woman?

A.He walked past her.

B.He asked to sit next to her.

C.He spoke angrily to her.

D.He spoke to her dog.小题2:The dog looked_________.

A.angrily at Jack

B.sick

C.as if he would bite Sue

D.hungry小题3:Jack thought that the dog

A.was ill

B.belonged to Sue

C.was terrible

D.belonged in a zoo小题4:The underlined word “pet” should be ______________in Chinese.

A.宠物

B.喜欢

C.敲打

D.抚摸小题5:From the story, we can know______________.

A.Jack and Sue talked about the same dog

B.Jack asked Sue a right question

C.Jack was bitten by Sue's dog

D.Jack asked Sue a wrong question

问答题 简答题