问题 探究题

下面是最早发现青霉素(抗生素的一种)时弗莱明所进行的探索过程: 

观察及对问题的认识:细菌培养基中偶然生出青霉菌,在其周围无细菌生长,为什么出现这种现象?

提出假设:

进行实验:把青霉菌放入培养皿中培养观察,然后观察这种培养基对细菌生长的影响。

实验结果:这种培养基阻止了细菌的生长和繁殖。

结论:弗莱明先生在持续的研究中分离出了这种抑菌物质,分析出它的化学结构并将它命名为青霉素。

说明:在实验室里培养细菌、真菌常用琼脂配制成凝胶,平铺在培养皿里作为培养基,某些细菌需要添加特殊物质的培养基才能正常生长。

请回答:

(1)作为这一实验的下列假设中,最为恰当的是_____ 

A.青霉菌能产生有利于人类的物质  

B.青霉菌污染了细菌生长的培养基  

C.青霉菌可能吞噬了细菌  

D.青霉菌可能产生了不利于细菌繁殖的物质

(2)为了证明青霉素确实是由青霉菌产生的,而不是培养基或者培养液中的其他物质引起的,则应该设计____实验,方法是____________________________________________。

(3)如果对照实验的结果为_______________________,则充分证明了_______________。

答案

(1)D

(2)对照;将不含青霉菌的培养液加入培养基中,观察对细菌的影响

(3)细菌能正常地生长和繁殖;青霉菌产生了抑制细菌生长

填空题
单项选择题

Information systems design is defined as those tasks that focus on the specification of a detailed computer-based solution. Typically, there are four systems design tasks for in-house development.

①The first task is to specify (1), which defines the technologies to be used by one, more, or all information systems in terms of their data, processes, interfaces, and network components. This task is accomplished by analyzing the data models and process models that are initially created during requirements analysis.

②The next systems design task is to develop the (2). The purpose of this task is to prepare technical design specifications for a database that will be adaptable to future requirements and expansion.

③Once the database prototype has been built, the systems designer can work closely with system users to develop input, output and dialogue specifications. The (3)ust be specified to ensure that the outputs are not lost, misrouted, misused, or incomplete.

④The fourth design task involves packaging all the specifications from the previous design tasks into a set of specifications that will guide the (4) activities during the following phases of the systems development methodology.

Finally, we should (5) and update the project plan accordingly. The key deliverable should include a detailed plan for the construction phase that should follow.

(2)是()

A. database design specifications

B. database organization decisions

C. data structure specifications

D. data distribution decisions