问题 问答题 简答题

计算题:

甲公司是一家进出口公司,主要业务为从国内采购机械设备到国外销售。20×7年3月1日,甲公司与美洲公司签订了一份离岸价1000万美元的成套设备出口合同,合同规定甲公司应于20×8年2月15日至3月1日之间将该设备于上海港交付运输,美洲公司于20×7年3月15日向甲公司出具了银行信用证,该出口合同已经生效。20×7年3月1日合同签订时美元兑人民币汇率为1:7.2;至20×7年末,由于人民币汇率调整,美元兑人民币汇率跌至1:7.0,根据国际汇市预期,未来6个月汇率将保持在1:7.0附近极小幅波动。20×7年年末,该设备国内市场采购价为7100万元人民币,预计至20×8年7月该采购价格不会发生变动。

要求:

(1)假定甲公司已于20×7年11月30日购入该设备,设备价款为7120万元人民币,在20×7年末该设备已存在于甲公司仓库中,甲公司应如何处理?

(2)假定甲公司直至20×7年末尚未购入该设备,甲公司在年末应如何处理?

(以万元人民币为单位)

答案

参考答案:

(1)存在标的资产(设备),应先根据情况对资产进行减值测试,该设备购入成本为7120万元人民币,至年末按合同定价1000×7.0=7000(万元人民币)确定可变现净值,所以应计提存货跌价准备120万元人民币,无预计负债的确认。

借:资产减值损失120

贷:存货跌价准备120

(2)不存在标的资产(设备),由于美元兑人民币的市场汇率下跌,导致该待执行合同变为亏损合同,向美洲公司出口设备的合同预计将给甲公司造成100万元人民币损失。

借:营业外支出100

贷:预计负债100

选择题
填空题

Some consumer researchers distinguish (1) "rational" motives and "emotional" (or "non-rational") motives. They use the term "rationality" (2) the traditional economic sense that assumes (3) consumers behave rationally when they carefully consider all alternatives (4) choose those that give them the greatest utility (i.e., satisfaction). (5) a marketing context, the term "rationality" implies that the consumer selects goods based (6) totally objective criteria, such (7) size, weight, price, and so on. "Emotional" motives imply the selection of goods (8) to personal or subjective criteria—the desire (9) individuality, pride, fear, affection or status.
The assumption underlying this distinction is (10) subjective or emotional criteria do not maximize utility or satisfaction. (11) , it is reasonable to assume that consumers always attempt to select alternatives that, (12) their view, serve to maximize satisfaction. Obviously, the assessment of satisfaction is a very personal process, based (13) the individual’s own needs as (14) as on past behavioral, social, and learning experiences. What may appear (15) irrational to an outside observer may be perfectly rational (16) the context of the consumer’s own psychological field. For example, a product purchased to enhance one’s self-image (such as a fragrance) is a perfectly rational form of consumer behavior. (17) behavior did not appear rational to the person who undertakes it (18) the time that it is undertaken, obviously he or she would not do it. (19) the distinction between rational and emotional motives does not appear to be warranted.
Some researchers go so far (20) to suggest that emphasis (21) "needs" obscures the rational, or conscious, nature of most consumer motivation. They claim that consumers act consciously (22) maximize their gains and minimize their losses; that they act not (23) subconscious drives but from rational preferences, (24) what they perceive to be (25) their own best interests.