问题 单项选择题 B型题

减轻对脑组织、血管内皮细胞和神经细胞的氧化损伤,阻止脑水肿,抑制迟发性神经元凋亡()

A.钙离子拮抗药

B.自由基清除药

C.低温

D.高压氧

E.电针

答案

参考答案:B

解析:1.钙离子拮抗药性可通过抑制血管平滑肌细胞跨膜钙离子内流,减轻脑血管痉挛,改善微循环。2.减轻对脑组织、血管内皮细胞和神经细胞的氧化损伤,阻止脑水肿,抑制迟发性神经元凋亡的药是自由基清除药。3.降低脑代谢和脑氧耗,延缓ATP耗竭,减少乳酸生成,减轻酸血症用低温。4.改善脑组织氧供,减轻脑水肿,缩小脑梗死,产生脑保护作用的用高压氧。5.激活腺苷A受体、激活内源性阿片类受体、激活内源性大麻素系统用电针。

名词解释
阅读理解

The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is plagues(疫病) that flesh receives.

The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses(病毒) passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated Arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.

During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕), cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.

In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp(奥斯维辛集中营), naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.

At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.

If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains—taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.

No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the symptoms(症状).

小题1:The writer offered _______ examples to support his argument.

A.4

B.5

C.6

D.3小题2:Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage?

A.The Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time.

B.Colds are not caused by cold.

C.People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.

D.A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already had one.小题3:Arctic explorers may catch colds when ________.

A.they are working in the isolated Arctic regions

B.they are writing reports in terribly cold weather

C.they are free from work in the isolated Arctic regions

D.they are coming into touch again with the outside world小题4:The passage mainly discusses ________.

A.the experiments on the common cold

B.the fallacy about the common cold

C.the reason and the way people catch colds

D.the continued spread of common colds