问题 单项选择题

下述关于唇癌放射治疗适应证的说法错误的是()。

A.浅表的、仅占下唇1/3面积或T1病变,希望获得较好的美容效果

B.累及口角或同时累及上下唇的病变治疗上可首选放射治疗

C.浸润性病变(如浸润深度超过3cm)手术治疗较难获得满意的功能和美容效果,可首先行放疗治疗

D.手术后局部复发,且不能或不愿意再次手术治疗者可行放疗

E.早期唇癌(cT1~2N0M0)术后需常规补充局部放疗

答案

参考答案:E

解析:唇癌是仅次于皮肤癌的最常见的头颈部肿瘤。病理上以高分化鳞癌多见,以局部侵犯为主,早期较少出现淋巴结转移。唇癌易早期发现,一般预后较好。唇癌(特别是局部中晚期)放射治疗可取得较好的近期美容效果和功能保留。早期唇癌单纯手术或放疗均可获得较高的治愈率,对于手术切缘阳性或切缘距肿瘤<1cm需考虑术后放疗。

单项选择题
阅读理解

To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.

Common sense is not all that common.

Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?

These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature .To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibility for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do .The original quote about human nature went like this:” To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的).”This saying mirrors an deal people should be forgiving of others’ mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite –find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a making of great maturity.

Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Commonsense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine.Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company,”the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”

And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people. get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推论)to that: if good excuse is “good”even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth?

1. According to tile passage, which of following seems the most human?

A. To search for truth.                    B. To achieve one’s ideal

C. To make fun of others’mistakes.          D. To criticize others for one’s own error.

2.According to the author, what is a sign of a man’s maturity?

A.Doing things his own way.

B.Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.

C.Making as few mistakes as possible.

D.Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing.

3.Which of the following is N0T based on common sense?

A.A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.

B.A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.

C.A company’s next move follows a good plan.

D.A lawyer acts on fine judgments.

4. What is the author’s opinion about a good excuse?

A. Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.

B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.

C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.

D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.

5. What would be the best title for his passage?

A. A Mirror of Human Nature            B. To Blame or to Forgive

C. A Mark of Maturity                  D. Truth or Excuse