问题 单项选择题

具有预防和逆转血管平滑肌增厚及左心室肥厚的抗高血压药物是()

A.呋塞米

B.卡托普利

C.阿利克伦

D.氨氯地平

E.哌唑嗪

答案

参考答案:B

解析:本题考查重点是抗高血压药物的作用特点。血管紧张素Ⅰ转化酶抑制药及AT阻断药,适用于各型高血压,降压时不伴有心率加快;是临床抗高血压一线药,长期应用,不易引起电解质紊乱和脂质代谢障碍。防止和逆转高血压患者的血管壁增厚和心肌增生肥大,对心脏产生保护作用。钙拮抗药通过阻滞钙通道,松弛小动脉平滑肌,降低外周阻力而降压。亦能逆转高血压所致左心室肥厚,但其效果不如ACEI,常用药有硝苯地平、氨氯地平等。利尿药为临床抗高血压的一线药,可单独应用治疗轻度高血压,或与其他药物联合应用,治疗中、重度高血压。α肾上腺素受体阻断剂、β肾上腺素受体阻断剂属于交感神经抑制药,有降血压的作用,但是没有预防和逆转血管平滑肌增厚及左心室肥厚的作用。故答案选B。

选择题
阅读理解

Are you still troubled by a disease called overactive bladder(膀胱)? Why not try TOVIAZ, a medicine used to treat adults 18 years older facing such a condition?

You are strongly advised not to take TOVIZ if you have following symptoms:

Your stomach empties slowly.

You are suffering from eye problems.

You’re allergic to any ingredients of TOVIAZ.

Remember the possible side effects of TOVIAZ

Dry mouth.

Constipation(便秘)

Dry eyes.

Trouble empting the bladder

Remember to ask your doctor for a complete list, since these aren’t all possible side effects of TOVIAZ.

More Detailed Instructions to take TOVIAZ:

Your doctor may give you the lower 4mg dose of TOVIAZ if you have severe kidney problem.

Take TOVIAZ with liquid and swallow the tablet whole. Do not chew, divide or crush the tablet.

You can take either TOVIAZ with or without food.

If you miss a dose of TOVIAZ, start taking it again the next day.

Decreased sweating and severe heat illness can occur when TOVIAZ is used in hot environments.

Drinking alcohol while taking TOVIAZ may cause increased sleepiness.

小题1:What is the main purpose of the passage?

A.To present a discovery on a scientific research.

B.To give information about a kind of medicine.

C.To teach patients ways of recovery from illness.

D.To show the importance of taking proper medicine.小题2:The main function of TOVIAZ is to treat__________.

A.kidney problem

B.stomach problem

C.dry mouth or eyes

D.overactive bladder小题3:What can be inferred from the passage?

A.There are only four possible side effects of TOVIAZ.

B.Don’t take TOVIAZ if you are allergic to its ingredient.

C.It’s unwise for people under 18 years old to use TOVIAZ

D.You may feel excited while eating TOVIAZ with alcohol.小题4:Which of the statements about taking TOVIAZ is TRUE?

A.It’s OK to take it with food or without food.

B.Chew the tablet well before you swallow it.

C.Use TOVIAZ in hot environment to cure heat illness.

D.If you miss a dose, do take it right away on the same day.