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问题 单项选择题 B型题

属于拿法的操作要领的是（）

A.松腕、沉肩、垂肘、悬腕，肘低于腕，以肘为支点，用前臂摆动带动腕部摆动，拇指远节指关节同时做屈伸运动

B.操作时应做到"沉肩垂肘"，即肩部放松，肘部下垂，上臂带动前臂及手腕做灵活自如的回旋运动

C.用力要均匀，好像吸附在推拿的部位，不要跳动。操作时手部要紧贴体表，不能拖动、碾动或跳动。手法压力、频率、摆动幅度要均匀，动作要协调有节律

D.操作时拇指和其余四指相对用力，手腕放松，有节律性的一松一紧、从轻到重、提拿揉捏，一般以患者感到酸胀舒适为宜

E.操作时腕关节伸直，以肩关节为支点，肘关节屈伸带动手掌做前后或上下往返运动。用力要稳，掌下压力不宜太大，一般需要操作到治疗部位的皮肤发红，必要时涂适量润滑油或药膏，以防擦伤皮肤。

答案

参考答案：D

多项选择题

弹性的公式为（）

A．e=△Y/Y

B．e=△X/X

C．e=△Y/△X

D．e=(△Y/Y)/(△X/X)

E．e=(△Y/△X)×(X/Y)
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问答题

Children in any society are expected to learn to conform to a number of social rules and expectations if they are to become participants in the culture. (46)Among the rules that children in our society are expected to learn are that certain classes of adults (such as teachers and doctors) are addressed by titles, that males and females use separate restroom facilities, and that women but not men wear dresses. These are examples of social conventions. In the absence of such a shared norm, the acts are neither right nor wrong. For this reason, conventions may be said to be arbitrary. For example, (47)we could just as easily have students address teachers by first names as have them call teachers by their last names and formal titles of Mr. or Ms.

Conventions, however, serve an important function by providing predictability and order to social life. (48)Without social conventions it would be impossible to organize social institutions such as schools, and societies as organized systems could not exist. The arbitrariness of conventions makes their importance difficult for children to figure out. (49) It is not until some time in adolescence that children come to fully understand the function that these arbitrary conventions serve to provide predictability and order to our social interactions.

In contrast with issues of convention are matters of morality. Morality refers to issues of human welfare, justice, and rights that are a function of the inherent features of interpersonal relations. Because of this, the right and wrong of moral actions are not simply determined by social consensus or the views of authority. For example, it is not possible to hit another person with force and not hurt the other person. Similarly, it is not possible to steal something valuable from someone else and not cause the person to experience the sense of loss. A moral judgment about unprovoked harm ( "It is wrong to hit") would not be dependent on the existence of a socially agreed upon rule or standard but could be generated solely from the intrinsic effects of the act (i.e., hitting hurts). (50)Similar analyses could be done regarding a broader range of issues that would extend beyond direct harm to concerns for what it means to be just, compassionate, and considerate of the rights of others.

(48)Without social conventions it would be impossible to organize social institutions such as schools, and societies as organized systems could not exist.
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