问题 选择题

观察和调查是科学探究的常用方法,其一般步骤是(  )

①明确目的、对象、范围       ②对资料进行整理分析  

③制定合理的方案             ④作好记录,积累资料

A.①②④③

B.①③④②

C.②①③④

D.③④①②

答案

答案:B

题目分析:调查法的步骤:一、明确调查问题,确定调查范围及对象,二、选择调查方式 不同的调查课题应采用不同的调查方式,调查法包括抽样调查和全面调查,选择普查还是抽样调查要根据所要考查的对象的特征灵活选用,一般来说,对于具有破坏性的调查、无法进行普查、普查的意义或价值不大时,应选择抽样调查,对于精确度要求高的调查,事关重大的调查往往选用普查,三、制定调查提纲及项目,四、实施调查,调查时要如实全面的记录,不能凭个人感觉记录,五、调查材料及数据的处理,对调查结果要认真整理分析,有时还需要进行数学统计,六、撰写调查报告。

点评:此题考查调查的方法步骤,难度一般,解答此题的关键是熟知调查的一般步骤:明确调查目的和对象→制定合理的调查方案→进行调查、如实做好记录→对调查结果进行整理和分析。

解答题
单项选择题

He was struggling to tie his shoes. I was struggling with whether I should help him.
I did, and he was grateful.
"Thank you," he said.
"I’m glad I could help. I just thought it would be easier for me to reach," I said.
He was a disabled man, and forced to look down most of the time. His arms and legs were twisted terribly, and he couldn’t do what the rest of us would consider easy tasks. He always managed to Look up to see how you reacted to his words, however. He had a big smile, making me feel comfort- able.
I was still on my knees by his wheelchair.
"Nice shoes," he said.
"Thanks. No one ever complimented me on them before," I said.
"No one has the same view of the world as I do," he replied.
"Tell me about the world as you see it," I said smiling.
"Most people can see if someone is comfortable with them or not in their eyes. I see it in their feet," he said. "If people keep moving their feet, I just let them go, because I know they’re impatient with me. I don’t want to make people uncomfortable."
"What about me" I asked.
"I could see your compassion. And then you came down to my level. I was the one who was nervous," he said. "I don’t normally have someone look me in the eye. "
"They don’t know what they’re missing," I told him.
"My old face is nothing to brag about. " he said.
"But that smile is so big. "
Yes, and it’s not only a big smile but an attitude.

We can infer from the passage that ______.

A.the disabled man had something wrong with his mind

B.not many people went down to the man’s level

C.the man was good at telling people about the world

D.the writer would not give the man more help