问题 材料分析题

近年来,受我国空调市场巨大的消费需求空间和相对高利润率的刺激,许多企业竞相进入空调市场,致使整个行业生产规模近年来以每年30%~40%的增长率猛增。在激烈的市场竞争中,一些空调企业,不断提高劳动生产率,加强科学管理,重视科技创新,开发科技含量高、质量好,能更好地满足市场需求的产品,企业经营效益不断提高。而有的企业盲目跟风,不仅没有核心技术,而且管理混乱,濒临破产。

(1)由于空调生产规模的不断扩大,导致空调价格不断下降,从而使电风扇的销售量不断减少。你认为这里的原因是什么?

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(2)请你联系材料说明价格变动是如何影响生产的。

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答案

(1)在可以互相代替的两种商品中,一种商品价格下降,将使消费者增加对该商品的需求量,导致对另一种商品的需求量减少。空调和电风扇的功用相近,是互为替代品,因此,当空调价格下降后,老百姓会减少对电风扇的需求。

(2)①调节生产规模,空调生产的高利润吸引了许多企业把劳动力和生产资料投入空调生产,空调业的生产规模扩大。②刺激商品生产者改进生产技术,改善经营管理,提高劳动生产率。空调企业通过科技创新,提高了经济效益。③生产适销对路的高质量产品,企业生产的产品科技含量高、质量好,能更好的满足市场需求,从而获取更多的利润。

选择题
阅读理解

It was New Year’s Night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake. Then he cast them on the earth, where few more hopeless people than himself now moved towards their certain goal --- the tomb. He had already passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and remorse. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant, his heart sorrowful, and his old age short of comforts.

The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads --- one leading to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and filled with soft, sweet songs; the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless, where poison flowed instead of water and where devils and poisonous snakes hissed and crawled.

He looked towards the sky and cried painfully, “O youth, return! O my father, place me once more at the entrance to life, and I’ll choose the better way!” But both his father and the days of his youth had passed away.

He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness. These were the days of his wasted life; he saw a star fall down from the sky and disappeared, and this was the symbol of himself. His regret, which was like a sharp arrow, struck deeply into his heart. Then he remembered his friends in his childhood, who entered on life together with him. But they had made their way to success and were now honored and happy on this New Year’s Night.

The clock in the high church tower struck and the sound made him remember his parents’ early love for him. They had taught him and prayed to God for his good. But he chose the wrong way. With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven where his father lived. His darkened eyes were full of tears, and with a despairing effort, he burst out a cry: “Come back, my early days! Come back!”

And his youth did return, for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year’s Night. He was still young though his faults were real; he had not yet entered the deep, dark cave, and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.

Those who still wander on the entrance of life, hesitating to choose the bright road, remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble on the dark mountains, you will cry bitterly, but in vain: “O youth, return! Oh give me back my early days!”

小题1:We can learn from the passage that ____.

A.the man returned from a long journey and regretted what he had done

B.the man didn’t enter the deep, dark cave when he was young

C.the man was deserted by his parents when he was only a child

D.the man found it no use crying over the spilt milk小题2:Why does the author set his story on New Year’s Night?

A.He wants to tell people it’s time to recall the past

B.he suggests the aged man will have a bright future

C.He tries to stress the man’s sad feeling

D.He expects people to share the man’s emotion小题3:The aged man in the passage can be described as ________.

A.sorrowful, fearful and regretful

B.hopeful, cheerful and peaceful

C.regretful, painful and disappointed

D.disappointed, regretful and hopeful小题4:The author writes the passage mainly to ________.

A.encourage young people to take the right road

B.help the old man to pick up his confidence

C.describe the old man’s unsuccessful experience

D.show his compassion for the aged man