问题 问答题 案例分析题

入浮煤浆浓度过高或过低时,对浮选生产有何影响?

答案

参考答案:

入浮煤浆浓度过高时,会出现:

(1)精煤灰分增高、尾煤灰分降低。尤其当入浮煤浆浓度超过200g/l时,浮选机充气性能急剧变差,气泡兼并严重,泡沫层缺乏游动性,二次富集作用降低,严重恶化分选过程;

(2)泡沫中携带大量高灰分细泥,致使泡沫粘度增大,影响后续的脱水回收作业的正常进行。

入浮煤浆浓度过低时,会出现:

(1)单位电耗、浮选剂消耗量增大,加工成本费用提高;

(2)浮选机前二室的泡沫层过薄,甚至覆盖不住液面,导致浮选操作无法进行;

(3)在入浮煤泥量相同的条件下,煤浆浓度越低,入浮煤浆量就越大,甚至达到浮选机通过量的极限值,此时煤浆在设备中的停留时间(浮选时间)将缩短,低灰分粗煤粒来不及浮起,必然损失在尾煤中;

(4)入浮煤浆浓度降低,泡沫含水量必将增大,给后续脱水回收作业带来困难;

(5)尾煤水量增多,加大尾煤澄清浓缩作业的负担。

阅读理解

Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth’s surface, but earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much.

The extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set (坚立架), it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir was not strong, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. If a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.

There is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. This is the disaster caused by seismic (地震的) sea waves, or tsunamis (海啸). These are often called tidal waves, but the name is incorrect. They had nothing to do with tides. In certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea. These submarine earthquakes sometimes give rise to seismic sea waves. The waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. But when they roll into harbors, they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high. The Japanese call them “tsunamis” meaning “harbor waves”, because they reach a sizable (相当大的) height only in harbors.

Tsunamis travel fairly slowly, at speeds up to 500 miles an hour. An earthquake warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves. But this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground: There is no way to stop the oncoming wave.

小题1:Which of the following can NOT be concluded from the passage?

A.The number of earthquakes is closely related to the depth.

B.Roughly the same number of earthquakes occur each year.

C.Earthquakes are impossible at depths over 460 miles.

D.Earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surface.小题2:The destruction of Agadir is an example of       .

A.faulty building construction

B.an earthquake’s strength

C.widespread panic in earthquakes

D.ineffective instruments小题3:According to the passage, the waves caused by submarine earthquakes are not noticeable out at sea because of       .

A.their high speed

B.the wide shores

C.their silent movements

D.their long wave length小题4:The significance of the slow speed of tsunamis is that people may      .

A.help reduce fear

B.find ways to stop them

C.be warned early enough

D.develop warning systems小题5:According to the passage, the number of factors that may determine the extent of the disaster in an earthquake is      .

A.two

B.five

C.four

D.three

单项选择题