问题 单项选择题 B型题

脊髓前损伤综合征表现为()。

A.损伤平面以下同侧肢体的运动及深感觉消失,对侧肢体痛觉和温觉消失

B.四肢瘫痪,下肢瘫痪重于上肢

C.损伤平面以下的瘫痪,上肢重于下肢

D.二便不能控制,两下肢感觉和运动仍正常

E.二便障碍,双下肢感觉运动均丧失

答案

参考答案:B

解析:1.脊髓前损伤综合征,锥体束受损导致四肢瘫,因上肢已有部分运动神经元止于运动核,并经换元形成运动神经出脊髓,故下肢症状常比上肢重。2.脊髓圆锥为大小便功能控制中枢。3.脊髓中央损伤综合征时,因在脊髓中央管周围,上肢运动神经纤维较下肢更为接近中央,故在损伤及缺血机制中,上肢神经元所受损伤常比下肢严重,从而导致上肢瘫痪症状重于下肢。4.脊髓半切综合征时,因皮质脊髓束下行受损,故同侧运动障碍;而传导痛温觉的脊髓丘脑侧束在前连合交叉,故对侧肢体痛温觉消失。

选择题
单项选择题

In meditation (冥想), people sit quietly and focus their attention on their breath. As they breathe in and out, they attend to their feelings. As thoughts go through their minds, they let them go. Breathe. Let go. Breathe. Let go.
According to a recent study at the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, Massachusetts, three months of training in this kind of meditation causes a marked change in how the brain allocates (分配) attention. It appears that the ability to let go thoughts that come into mind frees the brain to attend to more rapidly changing things and events in the outside world. Expert mediators are better than other people at catching such fast-changing stimuli(刺激), like facial-expressions.
The study provides evidence for changes in the workings of the brain with mental training. People can learn and improve abilities of all sorts with practice, everything from driving to playing the piano. The study has shown that meditation is good for the brain. It appears to reduce pressure and promote a sense of well-being.
In an experiment, 17 volunteers with no meditation experience in the experimental group spent three months meditating 10 to 12 hours a day. A control group also with no meditation experience meditated for 20 minutes a day over the same period. Both groups were then given the tests with two numbers in a group of letters. As both groups looked for the numbers, their brain activity was recorded.
Everyone could catch the first number. But the brain recordings showed that the less experienced mediators tended to grasp the first number and hang onto it, so they missed the second number. Those with more experience gave less attention to the first number, as if letting it go, which led to an increased ability to grasp the second number. This shows that attention can change with practice.
Just ask Daniel Levision, who meditated for three months as part of the study. "I am a much better listener," he said, "I do not get lost in my own personal reaction to what people are saying. \

Meditators manage their daily tasks better because they ______.

A.are given less pressure

B.allocate their attention better

C.have more stimuli for life

D.practice them more frequently