问题 问答题 案例分析题

某施工单位A承包了二级公路桥梁施工。桥梁上部采用预应力混凝土现浇箱梁,下部主要采用柱式桥台,钻(挖)孔灌注桩基础。桥梁上部预应力混凝土现浇箱梁为单箱双室,共10跨,最大墩高17m,单跨长21~27m之间,桥宽10.5m。经业主同意,施工单位A将桥面系分包给具有相应资格条件的施工单位B。箱梁施工时,箱梁模板支架采用碗扣式满堂支架,对支架进行预压,以消除支架体系的非弹性压缩。待此非弹性压缩稳定后,即撤除预压。箱梁混凝土浇筑时采用两次浇筑,两次浇筑的接缝按照施工缝进行处理。

箱梁底模采用钢柜架式大型底模,上镶4cm木板,木板上铺2mm厚钢板,在支架搭设好后,根据桥轴线对支架进行调整,然后安装箱梁底模,并进行轴线和标高调整,均满足要求后再安装箱梁侧模板,侧模板从梁一端顺序安装,要求接缝严密,相邻模板接缝平整。箱梁侧模板采用柜架上镶高强防水胶合板,以确保箱梁外观质量,箱梁内模均采用木支架,组合钢模板和木模板拼装。钢筋绑扎定位牢固后,支内腹板模板和堵头模板,经驻地监理工程师中间检查合格后浇筑混凝土,浇筑后应及时养生。在箱梁混凝土达到70%设计强度以后,拆除内外模板支架体系。最后对天窗采用吊模板,焊接钢筋网,用混凝土封死天窗口。

1.改正施工过程中的错误做法。

2.施工单位A将桥面系分包给施工单位B是否合法?说明理由。

答案

参考答案:

1.应在箱梁混凝土达到75%设计强度以后,拆除内外模板支架体系。

2.符合规定。因为桥面系属于桥梁的附属设施,不属于关键工程,可以分包,且施工单位B具有相应资格条件。

解析:

本案例第1问主要考查模板、支架和拱架拆除期限的原则规定。钢筋混凝土结构的承重模板、支架和拱架,应在混凝土强度能承受其自重力及其他可能的叠加荷载时,方可拆除;当构件跨度不大于4m时,在混凝土强度符合设计强度标准值50%的要求后,方可拆除;当构件跨度大于4m时,在混凝土强度符合设计强度标准值75%的要求后,方可拆除。

本案例第2问主要考查工程分包。施工单位可以将非关键性工程或者适合专业化队伍施工的工程分包给具有相应资格条件的单位,并对分包工程负连带责任。允许分包的工程范围应当在招标文件中规定。分包工程不得再次分包,严禁转包。任何单位和个人不得违反规定指定分包、指定采购或者分割工程。项目法人应当加强对施工单位工程分包的管理,所有分包合同须经监理审查,并报项目法人备案。

完形填空
完形填空。
    Mike Hayes proved he was smart in his first year at college. In 2007,   1   he was a student at the
University of Illinois, he came up with an idea to   2   his tuition fee (学费) and college costs problem.
Hayes   3   everyone could afford to give him a penny.
    He wrote to Chicago Tribune writer Bob Greene. Hayes wanted each of the newspaper's   4   to
send him a penny. Greene thought the idea sounded   5   and agreed to do it.
    "Just one penny," Hayes said. "A penny doesn't   6   anything to anyone. If everyone   7   is reading
your paper looks around the room right now, there will be a   8   under a seat, or on the corner of the
desk, or on the floor. That's all I'm   9  . A penny from each of your readers."
    In less than a month, the Many Pennies for Mike Fund (基金) had around 2.3 million pennies. Not
everyone sent  10  a penny, many even sent dollars. Money was  11  from every state in the United States.
So, Hayes  12  his $28,000 target (目标) and went on to get  13  for his degree in food science from the
University of Illinois.
    Perhaps the last  14  is best left to his father, Bill Hayes: "When Mike first told me about his  15 ,
I just laughed and said that I thought it was foolish-which shows you that he's smarter than I am."
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( )2. A. solve      
( )3. A. thought    
( )4. A. editors    
( )5. A. bad        
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( )7. A. whose      
( )8. A. newspaper  
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( )11. A. taken      
( )12. A. found      
( )13. A. time       
( )14. A. news       
( )15. A. dream      
B. because       
B. make          
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B. readers       
B. true          
B. mean         
B. which       
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B. writing      
B. almost       
B. borrowed     
B. remembered    
B. reasons      
B. word           
B. idea        
C. while       
C. spend        
C. agreed       
C. managers    
C. relaxing     
C. show       
C. who         
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