问题 解答题

甲、乙两人参加一次英语口语考试,已知在编号为1~10的10道试题中,甲能答对编号为1~6的6道题,乙能答对编号为3~10的8道题,规定每位考生都从备选题中抽出3道试题进行测试,至少答对2道才算合格,

(1)求甲答对试题数ξ的概率分布及数学期望;

(2)求甲、乙两人至少有一人考试合格的概率.

答案

(1)由题意,ξ的取值为0,1,2,3

P(ξ=0)=

C34
C310
=
1
30
;                           (1分)

P(ξ=1)=

C24
C16
C310
=
3
10
;                          (2分)

P(ξ=2)=

C14
C26
C310
=
1
2
;                          (3分)

P(ξ=3)=

C36
C310
=
1
6
.                              (4分)

ξ0123
P
1
30
3
10
1
2
1
6
所以ξ的分布列为                                                                                (5分)

Eξ=1×

3
10
+2×
1
2
+3×
1
6
=
9
5
.                             (6分)

(2)P(甲合格)=

C26
C14
+
C36
C310
=
2
3
;                      (8分)

P(乙合格)=

C28
C12
+
C38
C310
=
14
15
;                     (10分)

所求P=1-(1-

2
3
)(1-
14
15
)=
44
45
.                    (12分)

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