问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文章,回答问题。

水性江南

王本道

  江南是烟柳繁华之地,温柔富贵之乡。江南出芳草鲜花、才子佳人,出缠绵悱恻的爱情故事。但江南又是英雄辈出的地方。古往今来,这里孕育出诸多骁勇的斗士。那用于刺杀的锐利兵器——剑,发展的鼎盛时期正是在地处江南的吴越之地,许多彪炳史册的著名战役也是在江南发生的。那么,是什么力量使得缠绵悱恻与剑气凌厉这两种反差极其悬殊的气质,能够天衣无缝地契合在一地呢?我曾一度处于大惑不解之中。

  一次重读先贤经典,(老子)中的一句名言让我顿开茅塞。“天下莫柔弱于水,而攻坚强者莫之能先,以其无以易之也。”老子的话,一语道破了水的柔弱秀美与坚韧顽强的两重性。江南是水乡,是水的故乡,河流纵横,池湖密布,它们流淌在青山脚下,穿行于广袤的田畴。“瓜洲渡口山如浪,扬子桥头水似云。”“西风作意送行舟,帆饱清淮碧玉流。”还有那直落九天的瀑布,山中奏鸣的清泉——千百年来,是水,滋养着江南的风物和江南的人,孕育了江南独特的文化属性

  江南的水,如轻纱雾霭,随风起舞,交幻无穷;江南的人也一如江南的风物,温婉细腻,柔肠百转。“春风十里扬州路,卷上殊帘总不如。”杜牧对江南人的赞美虽有些夸张,但说的却是实情,那无边的波光水影之中,充溢着无边的风月。秦淮河上的桃花渡,莫愁湖畔的莫愁女,瓜洲古渡的杜十娘,西泠桥畔的苏小小,还有惠山的明月、西湖的断桥、绍兴的沈园……深受上天厚爱的才子佳人,他们的柔情蜜意在江南大地上留下了诸多生命的足迹和美丽传说。物美、人美、情浓,就连江南人讲话也是吴依软语,唱起来就更让人心旌摇动。我十分喜欢江南曲艺的代表——苏州评弹,唱词娓娓如述,琵琶弦乐清丽委婉,其优美儒雅,婉转沉静,就像曲水清流,清澈纯净又韵味悠长,就连草木也会为之摇曳。

  江南的水也时有“乱石穿空,惊涛拍岸,卷起千堆雪”之势。这坚韧与顽强的性情,也涵养了江南风物和江南人那种英豪之气。江南大地布满了崇山峻岭,其中,许多气势恢弘,似有峥嵘剑气的腾越穿行其中。杭州栖霞岭上的剑门,绍兴的会稽山,常熟的虞山,都是雄伟挺拔,气宇轩昂,占尽风云。那山间的瀑布、涧水,山下的清流,是养育大山的支支血脉。江南的人,也因为有了“水性”,才有了那种独特的剑气。据说古代铸剑的工艺,先是把剑放在火中煅烧,然后再放到水中浸泡,经过淬剑过程中两种力量的交合,才会使剑在百转千回,缭绕交错的剑法中得心应手。这种浸泡过剑的江南之水,千百年来也曾造就了诸多慷慨激昂之士。卧薪尝胆的勾践、竭忠尽智的岳飞、与扬州共存亡的史可法……众多仁人志士用他们的生命与鲜血谱写了一首首壮怀激烈的诗篇。文武兼备的__________、__________、文天祥,他们的诗句至今读来,仍洋溢着当年的铁骨雄风,“夜阑卧听风吹雨,铁马冰河入梦来。”“醉里挑灯看剑,梦回吹角连营。”“人生自古谁无死,留取丹心照汗青”。还有,活跃在上个世纪二三十年代的鲁迅,更是把文人的凌厉剑气推向了极致。就连文雅娟秀的女子,也尽显侠骨柔情,秋瑾就是最优秀的代表。

  说到江南的“水性”,还应该涵盖它的秀慧与智巧。江南的水是很有灵气的,正是这灵秀之水,涵养了江南人的那种聪颖与睿智。当今中国科学院院士,江苏籍的就占了半数,近代和当代全国琴棋书画大师,也大多出自江南。

  江南的水哺育了如水的江南。有人说,正是因为江南大美了,阴柔之气过重,因此江南的男人大多被美色所雌化,是美人的风韵像灭火器似的扑灭了男子的阳刚之气。这种说法是过于偏重水乡的温柔与细腻了。其实人不分南北,如果能多一分柔情与细腻,懂得感情,懂得珍藏,心中维系着自己的审美镜框和情感秘笈,并以此为尺度去发现和发掘生活中美妙的、值得神往和迷醉的东西,不 是会给男人(也包括女人)增添力度和精神上的健美吗?这样的多情,不更意味着一种不寻常的正直与高尚!

1、在第四段的空格里埴写诗人的名字:__________、__________。

2、作者把苏州评弹比喻为__________,这样写得好处是____________________。

3、“千百年来,是水,滋养着江南的风物和江南的人,孕育了江南独特的文化属性。”这句话在内容和结构上各有怎样的作用?

________________________________________________

4、水性江南,其“水性”包括哪些特性?

________________________________________________

5、作者在行文中为什么要引用许多有关江南风物人情的诗文、资料?

________________________________________________

答案

1、陆游/辛弃疾

2、曲水清流/与“水性江南”的题旨相吻合,生动形象地写出苏州评弹优美懦雅、婉转沉静、清澈纯净、韵味悠长的特点。

3、在内容上有统领全文、表明主旨的作用(或:它概括地回答了第一段提出的“大惑不解”问题,是全文的关键句),表明水的特性对人性、人的精神的影响。在结构上有承上启下的作用,由江南水的特性过渡到写水的特性对人的影响,写江南人的人性美、精神美。

4、柔弱秀美   坚韧顽强    秀慧智巧

5、用诗文、资料生动而又具体地揭示江南的特点以及不同的“水性”;表明江南水性对风物人情的影响,表现文章的主旨;让江南的水与风物人情相互辉映,增添文章的文化色彩;让读者加深对“是水,滋养着江南的风物和江南的人,孕育了江南独特的文化属性”的理解。(答出两点即可)

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     For more than twenty years scientists have been searching for signs of life on other planets. Most of

these searches have been done over the radio. The hope is that someone in outer space may be trying

to get in touch with us. Scientists also have sent radio and television messages on spaceships traveling

through space, on the chance that someone may answer such messages.

     Scientists are using powerful radio telescopes to listen to signals from about 1, 000 stars, all within

100 light years of the earth. In addition, they will scan the entire sky to "listen" for radio messages from

more distant stars. Using a computer, they will be able to monitor more than eight channels at one time.

Scientists are looking for any signal that stands out from the background noise.

     Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy(银河星系), scientists find that 5% are like our sun.

Perhaps half of them have a planet like the earth. Such a planet would be a reasonable distance from the

star for temperatures to be right for the evolution(进化) of life. Based on the inhabitable(适于居住的)

planets in our galaxy, most scientists agree that chances are likely that one or more of these planets

support some life.

     However, many scientists wonder whether intelligent life exists on other planets. Some believe that

twenty years of searching without any intelligible messages shows that no one is out there. They say that

the evolution of intelligence comparable to ours is unlikely.

     Other scientists believe that our search hasn't been long enough to rule out the possibility that intelligent

life exists in our galaxy. If we hope to find intelligent life, these scientists believe that we have to keep

looking.

1. According to the passage, how many planets in our galaxy might be inhabitable?  

A. 5 billion.

B. 10 billion.

C. 15 billion.

D. 200 billion

2. The first paragraph in this passage is mainly about ________ .

A. how scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

B. why scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

C. where scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

D. when scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets

3. The underlined word "monitor" in the 2nd paragraph means " ________ ".

A. find  

B. block

C. check  

D. form

4. Which of these statements is True based on the information in the passage?

A. The earth is one of the oldest planets in our galaxy.

B. Most scientists believe that there is intelligent life on other planets.

C. Scientists don't believe that there might be life on other planets.

D. Scientists are trying different ways to find signs of life on other planets.

单项选择题