问题 单项选择题

女,25岁,发热,尿急、尿频,伴腰痛1周。尿沉渣白细胞10~20个/HP,可见白细胞管型。最可能的诊断是()。

A.急性膀胱炎

B.急性肾盂肾炎

C.慢性肾盂肾炎急性发作

D.急性肾小球肾炎

E. * * 炎

答案

参考答案:B

解析:急性肾盂肾炎为急性起病,可有或无尿急、尿频、尿痛,常有腰痛、肋脊角压痛、叩痛和全身感染症状如寒战、发热、头痛、恶心、呕吐、血白细胞增高等表现,尿标本尿沉渣的白细胞超过5个/高倍镜视野,本患符合;急性膀胱炎、 * * 炎一般无全身症状;本患无反复尿感病史,不考虑慢性肾盂肾炎急性发作;急性肾小球肾炎以血尿为主,蛋白尿、水肿、高血压,除非合并尿感,否则无尿急、尿频、尿痛症状。

单项选择题
单项选择题

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

D

The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic udner discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-geivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be expericencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?()

A. The Chinese.

B. The French.

C. The Mexicans.

D. The Russians.