问题 问答题

美国麻醉师协会(ASA)规定什么样的生理状况可以进行门诊麻醉手术?

答案

参考答案:通常认为在外科和麻醉并发症不升高的情况下,相对健康的ASAⅠ和Ⅱ级患者可以在手术的当天回家。有争议的是老年患者和ASAⅢ级患者是否可以安排门诊手术。控制良好的ASAⅢ级患者在门诊的基础上手术可以被接受,但必须考虑三点:①全身疾病控制的程度,②手术的复杂性,③术后在家里的护理水平和可用的设备。临床医生的责任是确保患者回家后仍有一个安全和稳定的术后过程。那些无法照顾自己的患者即使符合出院标准也不能回家,事先将家庭护理准备好非常重要。

单项选择题
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Surveys of American teenagers find that about half of them do not get enough sleep on school nights. They get an average of 60 to 90 minutes less than experts say they need.

Experts say teens are biologically programmed to go to sleep later and wake up later than other age groups. Yet many schools start classes as early as seven in the morning.

As a result,many students go to class feeling like Danny,16 years old. He plays two sports,lacrosse and football. He is an active teen—except in the morning. DANNY:“Getting up in the morning is pretty terrible. I’m just very out of it and tired. And through first and second period I can hardly stay awake.”

Michael Breus,a clinical psychologist with a specialty in sleep disorders says:“These aren’t a bunch of lazy kids—although,you know,teenagers can of course be lazy. These are children whose biological rhythms,more times than not,are off.”Teens,he says,need to sleep eight to nine hours or even nine to ten hours a night. He says sleepy teens can experience a form of depression that could have big effects on their general well-being. It can affect not just their ability in the classroom but also on the sports field and on the road because any tired driver is dangerous,especially a teenager with a lack of experience.

So what can schools do about sleepy students?The psychologist says one thing they can do is start classes later in the morning.

Eric Peterson,head of St.George’s School in the northeastern state of Rhode Island,says,“In the end,schools ought to do what’s the right thing for their students,first and foremost.”And he wanted to see if a 30-minute delay would make a difference. It did.

小题1:According to the passage,which of the following is the chief cause of sleepy teenagers?

A.Persona haibits.

B.Early school hours.

C.Sports activities.

D.Too much home work.小题2:According to Michael Breus,         .

A.Teenagers are too lazy to get up early for school.

B.Teenagers should change their biological rhythms.

C.Lacking sleep can cause serious problems.

D.Sleepy teenagers shouldn’t drive to school.小题3:What is Eric Peterson’s opinion on the issue?

A.Schools should try their best to help students.

B.Students should adjust to their school’s schedule.

C.Changing school schedule is their last choice.

D.Something has to change at the end of a school day.小题4:What does the underlined word“It”in the last sentence might refer to?

A.St.George School.

B.Rhode Island State.

C.Students in St.George School.

D.30-minute delay of school day.小题5:What can you infer might follow the passage immediately?

A.Some positive changes in St.George’s school.

B.Some complaints from teachers and parents.

C.Some tips on how to help students foremost.

D.Some unexpected outcome of the delay.