问题 多项选择题

下列关于互斥项目的排序问题说法,正确的有()。

A、如果项目的寿命期相同,则比较净现值,净现值大的方案为优

B、如果项目的寿命期不同,则有两种方法:共同年限法和等额年金法

C、等额年金法也被称为重置价值链法

D、共同年限法是比较净现值的平均值,选择净现值的平均值较大的方案

答案

参考答案:A, B

解析:本题考核互斥项目的优选问题及总量有限时的资本分配。共同年限法的原理是:假设投资项目可以在终止时进行重置,通过重置使两个项目达到相同的年限,然后比较其净现值。该方法也被称为重置价值链法,所以选项C的说法不正确。等额年金法是计算寿命期不同的项目的净现值的平均值(用年金现值系数平均),比较净现值的平均值,选择净现值的平均值较大的方案,所以选项D的说法不正确。

阅读理解

I’ve often wondered if I might do more good as a travel agent rather than as a psychologist. It seems that I have been more dramatically affected by certain kinds of travel experiences than I ever have.

My trip to Iceland is a fine example of that. The plan was to spend two days in a remote mountain hut in Iceland. I was working on a photographic book about winter in Iceland and needed to capture images of this amazing region of high mountain peaks, smoky volcanoes, and lakes with floating icebergs.

The moment after we arrived, the weather turned extreme making visibility impossible. It snowed so much and the wind blew so hard that we couldn’t leave the tiny hut. To stay warm, we walked around in circles much of the day inside the tiny hut. We tried to call for help but the radio did not work. Day after day, we watched our supplies of food and fuel grow dangerously short. We got acute cabin fever (幽居病) and started going for walks and ski expeditions outside. Even when the weather finally broke, nobody came to get us even though it was three days beyond our scheduled pickup. By the time the rescue team came to pull us out, we had all given up hope.

From then on, the world looks different to me, as does my life. It would have taken me years of psychotherapy to get to the same point.

Almost everyone has a story to tell, and interestingly, most of these experiences were not altogether pleasant at the time. In fact, it appears that the most constructive life-changing journeys were those that involved some sorts of awful and uncomfortable events that forced the person to develop new resources, increase confidence, and solve problems in new ways.

小题1:The writer went to Iceland to ______.

A.enjoy the natural beautiful floating icebergs

B.take photos about the region for a book

C.collect materials for psychological research

D.challenge the high mountains there小题2:During the trip in Iceland, those travelers faced difficulties EXCEPT that ______.

A.they got lost in the mountain

B.they were short of food and fuel

C.they couldn’t see the surroundings clearly

D.they failed to get in touch with the rescue team小题3:From Paragraph 3, we learn that the travelers ______.

A.were in despair before they were rescued

B.stayed in the hut for three days altogether

C.got sick because of going for ski outside

D.got rescued immediately the weather turned fine小题4:Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A.The writer is a travel agent who loves difficult challenges.

B.In Iceland the weather is always extreme and it snows a lot.

C.The travellers were so depressed that they needed psychotherapy.

D.Awful journeys may become life-changing events that inspire people.

问答题 案例分析题

某实施施工监理的工程,建设单位按照《建设工程施工合同(示范文本)》(GF-2013-0201)与甲施工单位签订了施工总承包合同。合同约定:开工日期为2011年3月1日,工期为302d。建设单位负责施工现场外道路开通及设备采购;设备安装工程可以分包。

经总监理工程师批准的施工总进度计划如下图所示。

工程实施中发生了下列事件:

事件1:由于施工现场外道路未按约定时间开通,致使甲施工单位无法按期开工。2013年2月21日,甲施工单位向项目监理机构提出申请,要求开工日期推迟3d,补偿延期开工造成的实际损失3万元。经专业监理工程师审查,情况属实。

事件2:C工作是土方开挖工程。土方开挖时遇到了难以预料的暴雨天气,工程出现重大安全事故隐患,可能危及作业人员安全,甲施工单位及时报告了项目监理机构。为处理安全事故隐患,C工作实际持续时间延长了12d。甲施工单位申请顺延工期12d、补偿直接经济损失10万元。

事件3:F工作是主体结构工程,甲施工单位计划采用新的施工工艺,并向项目监理机构报送了具体方案,经审批后组织了实施。结果大大降低了施工成本,但F工作实际持续时间延长了5d,甲施工单位申请顺延工期5d。

事件4:甲施工单位将设备安装工程(J工作)分包给乙施工单位,分包合同工期为56d。乙施工单位完成设备安装后,单机无负荷试车没有通过,经分析是设备本身出现问题。经设备制造单位修理,第二次试车合格。由此发生的设备拆除、修理、重新安装和重新试车的各项费用分别为2万元、5万元、3万元和1万元,J工作实际持续时间延长了24d。乙施工单位向甲施工单位提出索赔后,甲施工单位遂向项目监理机构提出了顺延工期和补偿费用的要求。

事件2中,收到甲施工单位报告后,项目监理机构应采取什么措施?应要求甲施工单位采取什么措施?对于甲施工单位顺延工期及补偿经济损失的申请如何答复?说明理由。