问题 选择题

从细胞到生态系统、从微观到宏观,生物界井然有序,蕴藏了许多的奥秘和规律,下列对图中所示的生态系统中的生物说法中不正确的是(  )

A.图二中所示的四种生物都是由细胞构成

B.③和①在结构层次上区别是③多了系统这个层次,这是由细胞核中的遗传物质决定的

C.图一是图二中①某细胞结构示意图,与图二中其他生物的细胞组成多了叶绿体等结构

D.④的一个箭头指向①代表着消费者让物质和能量重新回到了生产者体内

答案

A、生态系统是由生物成分和非生物成分组成的.其中生物成分包括生态系统中的全部生物.根据获得营养和能量的方式,生物成分又可以划分为生产者、消费者和分解者.生产者主要是指绿色植物;消费者包括各种动物;分解者主要是指细菌、真菌等营腐生生活的微生物.图二中①是生产者,②、③是消费者,④分解者.在所有的生物中,只有病毒没有细胞结构.植物、动物、细菌、真菌都是由细胞构成的.故不符合题意.

B、③的结构层次为:细胞→组织→器官→系统→动物体;①的结构层次为:细胞→组织→器官→植物体.这是因为动植物体内的遗传物质不同而导致的.故不符合题意.

C、从图一中具有叶绿体这个结构可以判断出,图一是植物细胞的结构示意图它具有细胞壁、细胞膜、细胞核、细胞质、液泡、叶绿体.动物细胞具有细胞膜、细胞核、细胞质等结构;细菌具有细胞壁、细胞膜、细胞质、未成形的细胞核;真菌的细胞结构具有细胞壁、细胞膜、细胞质、细胞核.所以植物细胞比其它生物的结构多了叶绿体等结构故不符合题意.

D、④是分解者,它的作用是将动植物的残体等含有的有机物分解成简单的无机物,归还到无机环境中,促进了物质的循环.但生态系统中的能量流动是单项流动的,所以能量不会重新回到生产者体内.故符合题意.

故选:D

阅读理解

     Who's in control of your life? Who is pulling your string? For the majority of us, it's other

people-society, colleagues, friends, family or our religious community. We learned this way of operating

when we were very young, of course. We were brainwashed. We discovered that feeling important and

feeling accepted was a nice experience and so we learned to do everything we could to make other

people like us. As Oscar Wilde puts it, "Most people are other people. Their thoughts are someone

else's opinions, their lives a mimicry(模仿), their passions a quotation."

     So when people tell us how wonderful we are, it makes us feel good. We long for this good feeling

like a drug. Therefore, we are so eager for the approval of others that we live unhappy and limited lives,

failing to do the things we really want to. Just as drug addicts and alcoholics live worsened lives to keep

getting their fix (一剂毒品). We worsen our own existence to get our own constant fix of approval.

     But, just as with any drug, there is a price to pay. The price of the approval drug is freedom to be

ourselves. The truth is that we cannot control what other people think. People have their own agenda,

and they come with their own baggage and, in the end, they're more interested in themselves than in you.

Furthermore, if we try to live by the opinions of others, we will build our life on sinking sand. Everyone

has a different way of thinking, and people change their opinions all the time. The person who tries to

please everyone will only end up getting exhausted and probably pleasing no one in the process.

     So how can we take back control? I think there's only one way-make a conscious decision to stop

caring what other people think. We should guide ourselves by means of a set of values-not values

imposed (强加) from the outside by others, but innate values which come from within. If we are driven

by these values and not by the changing opinions and value systems of others, we will live a more

authentic, effective, purposeful and happy life.

1. What Oscar Wilde says implies that________.

A. we have thoughts similar to those of others

B. most people have a variety of thoughts

C. most people's thoughts are controlled by others

D. other people's thoughts are more important

2. What does the author try to argue in the third paragraph?

A. We may lose ourselves to please others.

B. Changing opinions may cost us our freedom.

C. We need to pay for what we want to get.

D. The price of taking drugs is freedom.

3. In order to live a happy, effective and purposeful life, we should________.

A. care about others' opinions and change opinions all the time

B. guide ourselves by means of values from the outside

C. persuade others to accept our opinions

D. stick to our own values

4. It can be concluded from the passage that________.

A. we shouldn't care about what others think    

B. it's better to do what we like

C. we shouldn't change our own opinions  

D. it's important to accept others' opinions

单项选择题