问题
计算题
(19分)在电场强度为E的匀强电场中,一条与电场线平行的直线上有两个静止的小球A和B (均可看作质点),两小球的质量均为m,A球带电荷量为+Q,B球不带电。开始时两球相距L,只在电场力的作用下,A球开始沿直线运动,并与B球发生正对碰撞。碰撞中A、B两球的总动能无损失,A、B两球间无电荷转移,重力不计。问:
(1)A球经过多长时间与B球发生第一次碰撞?
(2)第一次碰撞后,A、B两球的速度各为多大?
(3)第一次碰撞后,要经过多长时间再次发生碰撞?
答案
(1)
(2)v1=0,v2=
(3)
(1)设小球A的加速度为a,经过时间t1与B球发生第一次碰撞,则高☆考♂资♀源€网 ☆
QE=ma···············(2分) ·····················(2分)
解得················································(2分)
(2)设A碰撞前的速度为v0,碰撞后A和B的速度分别为v1、v2,则
或v0=a t1····(2分) mv0=mv1+mv2········(2分)
········································(2分)
解得v1=0,v2=········································(2分)
(3)设第一次碰撞后,经过时间t2,A和B再发生碰撞,则
··············(3分) 解得
············(2分)